摘要
中国旅游业改革开放40年来,取得了举世瞩目的成就,从世界旅游市场中的无名一族,成长为世界重要的旅游目的地和客源国。40年来,中国旅游业改革开放经历了1978—1991年的对外开放和初步改革阶段、1992—2011年的对内开放和加快改革阶段、2012年至今的双向开放和深化改革阶段;40年来,中国旅游业的发展成就包括市场格局均衡发展,大众旅游时代来临、产业定位不断提升,旅游功能日渐丰富、供给体系逐步健全,出游品质显著提升、管理体制逐渐完善,旅游治理取得突破、旅游竞争力快速提高,国际影响显著增强。中国旅游业改革开放取得巨大成就的主要经验包括坚持深化顶层设计,精准定位旅游业属性、坚持实事求是,走中国特色旅游发展道路、坚持以游客满意为导向,提升旅游服务质量、坚持人才强旅,改善旅游教育质量和坚持科技兴旅,提高旅游产业素质。新时代中国旅游业改革开放,应紧紧围绕着注重内涵与提高质量,迈向优质旅游发展时代、重视市场与优化结构,满足人民美好生活向往、简政放权与赋能还权,凸显旅游市场主体地位和"自上而下"与"自下而上",开启全域旅游模式。
Since the reform and opening-up,China has made remarkable achievements,from the obscure in the global tourism market to an important tourist destination and guest source country in the world. In the past 40 years,the reform and opening-up of China＇s tourism industry has experienced the period of opening-up and preliminary reform from 1978 to 1991,the period of internal opening and accelerative reform from 1992 to 2011,and the period of two-way opening and deepening reform from 2012 to the present. Moreover,the development achievements of China＇s tourism industry include the balanced development of the market pattern,and the advent of the mass tourism era; the continuous improvement of the industry ＇s position,and the increasingly rich tourism functions; the gradual improvement of the supply system,and the significant improvement in travel quality; the gradual improvement of the management system,and the breakthrough in tourism governance; further,tourism competitiveness has rapidly increased and international influence has increased significantly. China＇s major experience in the tourism industry＇s reform and opening-up can be summed up as follows： adhering to deepening the top-level design,and accurately positioning the tourism industry; persisting in seeking truth from facts,and taking the path of tourism development with Chinese characteristics; adhering to the direction of tourist satisfaction,and enhancing the quality of tourism services;adhering to the strong talents,improving the quality of tourism education,and adhering to the development of science and technology to improve the quality of the tourism industry. In the new era,the reform and opening-up of China＇s tourism industry should focus on the quality of the tourism industry,to move into the era of high-quality tourism development; attach importance to the market and optimize the structure,to satisfy the people＇s longing for a better life; decentralize their power and empower their rights,to highlight the tourism market; and strengthen the top-level design and stimulate the vitality of the grassroots,to turn on the all-in-one tourism model.
作者
夏杰长
徐金海
XIA Jiechang;XU Jinhai(Chinese Academy of Social Sciences,Beijing 100028;The Open University of China,Beijing 100039)
出处
《经济与管理研究》
CSSCI
北大核心
2018年第6期3-14,共12页
Research on Economics and Management
基金
国家社会科学基金青年项目"地方政府行为对旅游产业结构动态优化的作用机制研究"(16CGL023)
关键词
旅游业
改革开放历程
发展成就
主要经验
前景展望
tourism
course of reform and opening-up
development achievement
main experience
prospect
