摘要
为了给华北地区森林经营与管理提供依据,以北沟林场油松白桦混交林为调查对象,运用标准地调查法,并采用样方收获法、全挖法和方差分析法分析研究不同坡位对油松白桦混交林生长以及乔、灌、草和枯落物层生物量的影响。结果表明:下坡各混交树种的胸径、树高均大于中坡和上坡;不同坡位混交林乔木层生物量的变化规律表现为下坡最大、中坡次之、上坡最小,灌、草及枯落物层生物量的变化趋势与乔木层正好相反,为上坡最多、中坡次之、下坡最少;各层次生物量在不同坡位上所占比例趋势由大到小依次为乔木层、枯落物层、灌木层、草本层,以乔木层占绝对优势,下坡、中坡、上坡的乔木层生物量分别占各坡位总生物量的95.51%、92.03%、90.08%。灌木层的植被主要以桦木科、蔷薇科、忍冬科、豆科及杜鹃花科为主,桦木科、蔷薇科植物的生物量在坡位上的变化规律均表现为上坡最高、中坡次之、下坡最低,忍冬科则正好相反,而豆科和杜鹃花科植物的生物量在坡位上的变化规律表现为中坡最高、上坡次之、下坡最低,但不同坡位上均以蔷薇科植物的生物量最多,豆科和杜鹃花科植物的生物量较少。不同坡位油松各器官生物量的分配规律由大到小依次为干、枝、根、叶,不同坡位白桦各器官生物量的分配规律由大到小依次为干、根、枝、叶,且不同坡位油松和白桦干的分配率表现为下坡最大、中坡次之、上坡最小,而枝、叶和根的分配率与干的正好相反,表现为上坡最大、中坡次之、下坡最小。
In this study,Pinus tabulaeformis and Betula platyphylla mixed forest in North Ditch Forest Farm was used as an object with the standard survey method,sample harvest method,full excavation method and variance analysis method to investigate the impact of different slope positions on biomass of trees,shrubs,herbs and litter layer,and the gowth of Pinus tabulaeformis and Betula platyphylla mixed forest.The results showed that DBH and height of all mixed species in downhill were higher than those in middle and upper slope;the variation of tree biomass of mixed stands in different slope positions was as follows：downhill was the largest,middle slope was the second,and uphill was the worst.The change trend of shrubs,herbs and litter was just opposite to that of tree layer;all levels of biomass proportion from large to small in different slopes：tree layer,litter layer,shrub layer,herb layer,and the tree layer accounted for an absolute advantage.The biomass of lower slope,middle slope and upper slope accounted for 95.51%,92.03% and 90.08% of the total biomass of each slope,respectively.The main species of the shrub layer were Betulaceae,Rosaceae,Caprifoliaceae,Leguminosae and Ericaceae.The variation of plant biomass in the slope position of Betulaceae and Rosaceae was as follows：uphill was the largest,middle slope was the second,and downhill was the lowest,Caprifoliaceae was just the opposite of that,and rule of plant biomass of Leguminosae and Ericaceae in different slopes was as follows：middle slope was the largest,uphill was the second,and downhill was the lowest.But in the different slopes,the biomass of Rosaceae plants was the highest,and the biomass of Leguminosae and Ericaceae plants was the lowest.The distribution of different organ biomass of Pinus tabulaeformis in different slopess from big to small was stem branch,root and leaf,however,distribution of Betula platyphylla′s organ biomass in different slope positions from big to small was stem,root,branch and leaf.The trend of the distribution rate of Pinus tabulaeformis′s and Betula platyphylla′s stem in different slope positions was：the downhill was the largest,the middle slope was the second,and the uphill was the smallest,while the distribution rate of branch,leaf and root was opposite to the stem.It showed as follows：the uphill was the largest,the middle slope was the second,and the downhill was the smallest.
作者
牛庆花
郭宇嘉
陆贵巧
谷建才
NIU Qinghua;GUO Yujia;LU Guiqiao;GU Jiancai(College of Forestry,Hebei Agricultural University,Baoding 071000,China)
出处
《林业与生态科学》
2018年第2期144-150,177,共8页
Forestry and Ecological Sciences
基金
国家重点研发计划课题(2016YFC0500802)
河北省高等学校科学技术研究计划(Z2015079)
关键词
油松
白桦
混交林
不同坡位
生物量
Pinus tabulaeformis.
Betula platyphylla
the mixed forest
different slope positions
biomass
