摘要
创新驱动发展战略实施以来,创新型国家建设取得丰硕成果,但与引领和适应经济发展新常态的紧迫要求相比,仍然存在较大差距。突出表现为重大成果偏少,创新有效供给不足,科技与经济结合不紧密,激励创新的体制机制和政策环境亟待完善等。未来5~10年,大力实施创新驱动发展战略,关键要加速实现三个转型。一是创新方向转型,由创新重点聚焦于高技术产业、战略性新兴产业,转向创新促进高新技术产业发展壮大和创新驱动制造业、农业、服务业等传统产业提质增效;二是创新主体转型,由以企业为创新主体,转向兼顾企业主体与大众创新创业两个方向;三是创新基础建设侧重点转型,由前期集中于科教等硬基础,转向"硬""软"基础并行。为此,要加快建立健全创新考评与评估体系,组织实施若干重点产业创新发展行动计划和企业创新能力提升工程,推动创新创业持续健康发展,加大重大关键技术攻关力度,着力构建先进信息基础设施等硬环境和促进创新要素合理投入的政策与体制机制等软环境。
Since the implementation of innovation-driven development strategy,the construction of an innovative country has achieved fruitful results,but there is still a wide gap compared to the pressing demand to lead and adapt to the new normal of economic development. These problems have been highlighted as the lack of major achievements,lack of effective supply of innovation,lack of integration of science and technology and economy,and the need to improve the institutional mechanisms and policy environment for encouraging innovation. In the next 5 to 10 years,in order to vigorously implement innovation-driven development strategies,it is critical to speed up the implementation of the three transitions. First,the transformation of innovation direction,that is,the focus of innovation turns from high-tech industries,strategic emerging industries,to utilizing innovation to promote the development and expansion of high-tech industries and improving the quality and efficiency of innovation-driven manufacturing,agriculture,services. The second is the transformation of the innovation subject,that is,from the enterprise as the main body of innovation,to the two directions of both the enterprise subject and the mass innovation and entrepreneurship. The third is to innovate the focus of the transformation of the basic construction,that is,from the previous period focused on the hard foundations such as science and education,to the ＂ hard＂ and ＂ soft＂ basis in parallel. In order to achieve these transitions,we must speed up the establishment of a sound innovation assessment and evaluation system,organize the implementation of a number of key industry innovation and development action plans and corporate innovation capability improvement projects,promote the sustainable and healthy development of innovation and entrepreneurship,increase key technological breakthroughs,and strive to build advanced information infrastructure and other hard environments as well as the soft environment that promotes the rational investment of innovative elements such as policies,institutional mechanisms.
作者
姜江
Jiang Jiang(Institute of Industrial and Technological Economics, National Development and Reform Commission, Beijing 100038)
出处
《经济纵横》
CSSCI
北大核心
2018年第4期48-55,共8页
Economic Review Journal
基金
国家发展和改革委员会宏观经济研究院2017年底智库课题"落实新发展理念
推动实施创新驱动发展战略
更好适应和引领经济发展新常态研究"(编号:A2017041009)的成果
关键词
创新驱动发展战略
经济新常态
价值链中高端
硬基础
软环境
Innovation- Driven Development Strategy
New Economic Normal
Middle and High End of Value Chain
Hard Foundation
Soft Environment
