摘要
随着新经济发展,城市正处于从工业经济向服务经济的转型期。以皖南国际文化旅游示范区为典型案例,借助空间基尼系数、区位商、因子分析和多元线性回归等方法,测度示范区服务业集聚程度,分析其集聚演化特征,探索集聚形成原因。研究发现:(1)2003—2010年示范区四类服务业空间基尼系数普遍较低,发展较为均衡;2011—2015年示范区消费性服务业和分配性服务业呈现较为显著的聚集特征;而生产性服务业的空间集聚略有上升,社会性服务业分布呈现均等化趋势。14个服务行业呈现不同的空间集聚特征。从静态来看,2015年,住宿和餐饮业,文化、体育和娱乐业,居民服务和其他服务业,交通运输、仓储和邮政业的集聚程度均较高;从动态来看,除教育,水利、环境和公共设施管理业以外,其他所有服务行业正处于集聚发展阶段。(2)示范区核心区的相对专业指数较高,黄山市消费性服务业相对专业化程度最高,而其它各城市专业化程度总体相对较低。示范区服务业地域分工现象已经显现,形成了"马芜铜"和示范区核心区两大空间板块。各城市形成了相对不同的专业化行业,并表现出不同行业特征。(3)选取13项指标,采用因子分析和多元线性回归模型,识别了市场需求因子、创新要素因子、人力资本因子以及城市发展因子4个影响因素,4个影响因素对示范区服务业集聚都有一定的正向解释力。市场规模有效促进了服务业的集聚;创新要素是服务业空间集聚发展的驱动力,技术创新、信息化水平推动服务业高级化;交通设施条件、信息化水平能有效降低运输成本和交易成本;人力资本要素对服务业集聚起到了重要推动作用;示范区城市发展水平与服务业集聚密切相关,城市经济发展水平、城市化是服务业发展的加速器。
With the arrival of the new economy and the post industrial society,urban development has undergone anevolution from industrial economy to service economy. Taking the International Cultural Tourism Demonstration Area ofthe Southern Anhui Province as an example,by means of spatial Gini coefficient,location quotient,factor analysis andmultiple linear regression method,service agglomeration in demonstration area was measured,evolution characteristicswere analyzed,and the causes of agglomeration were explored. The space Gini coefficient of the four types of serviceindustry was generally low and the development was more balanced in the demonstration area from 2003 to 2010. Theconsumer service industry and distributive service industry showed significant aggregation characteristics from 2011 to2015. There was a slight increase in the spatial agglomeration of the productive service industry,and the distribution ofsocial service industry presented a homogeneous trend. The 14 service industries showed different characteristics ofspatial agglomeration. From the static point of view,The highest concentration of services in 2015 was the accommodationand catering industry,culture,sports and entertainment industry,residential services and other services,transportation,warehousing and postal services From the dynamic point of view,except for education,water conservancy,environmentand public facilities management, all other services are in the stage of agglomeration development. The relativeprofessional index in the core area of the demonstration area was relatively high. The consumption service industry inHuangshan City was relatively professional,while the degree of specialization in other cities was relatively low. Thephenomenon of service regional division in the demonstration area had appeared,and the“Ma Wu Tong”and the core areaof the demonstration area had been formed. Each city had formed a relatively different professional industry,and showedthe characteristics of different industries. Based on factor analysis and multiple linear regression model,4 influencingfactors,including market demand,innovation,human capital and urban development,were identified,which had positiveexplanatory power on the agglomeration of service industry in the demonstration area. The market size effectivelypromoted the service industry agglomeration. The innovation was the driving force for service agglomeration. Thetechnological innovation and information technology had led to the advanced structure of service industry. The informationand traffic facilities could effectively reduce the transport cost and the transaction cost. The human capital have played animportant role in promoting the service agglomeration. The urban development was closely related to the service industryagglomeration. The urbanization were the accelerators of the service industry development.
作者
杨兴柱
王群
YANG Xing-zhu;WANG Qun(College of Geography and Tourism,Anhui Normal University,Wuhu 241003,China)
出处
《安徽师范大学学报（自然科学版）》
CAS
2018年第2期161-169,共9页
Journal of Anhui Normal University(Natural Science)
基金
安徽省哲学社会科学规划项目(AHSKF09-10D40
AHSKY2016D23)
国家自然科学基金项目(41471130)
关键词
旅游地
服务业集聚
空间特征
皖南示范区
tourism destination；service agglomeration；spatial characteristics
the International Cultural Tourism Demonstration Area of the Southern Anhui Province
