摘要
目的了解2016~2017年泌尿系感染病原菌、性别、年龄、科室分布特点,为临床泌尿系感染疾病诊断与医院感染控制提供可靠依据。方法收集医院2016年1月至2017年12月分离的泌尿系感染病原菌1369株,细菌培养和药敏试验按《全国临床检验操作规程》(第四版)进行,采用VITEK-2 compact全自动药敏鉴定分析仪对菌株进行鉴定及药敏试验,药敏折点判断采用美国临床实验室标准化委员会(CLSI)2017版标准。采用WHONET 5.6软件和卡方检验进行数据处理和分析。结果 1369株病原菌中,分别检出革兰阴性菌778株(56.83%),革兰阳性菌303株(22.13%),真菌288株(21.04%),主要以革兰阴性菌为主。革兰阴性菌分离率前两位的病原菌分别为大肠埃希菌(28.85%)、肺炎克雷伯菌(11.91%)。革兰阳性菌分离率前两位分别为屎肠球菌(11.91%)、粪肠球菌(4.53%)。真菌分离率最高为白色假丝酵母菌(8.25%)。男女性别占分别为男性为62.24%、女性37.76%。泌尿系感染人群占比前三位的为81~90岁(43.54%)、71~80岁(21.18%)、61~70岁(12.56%)。泌尿系感染病原菌在全院各病区均有分布,病区分离率前3位分别为占ICU病区(26.52%),神经与精神病区(17.02%),急诊病区(10.52%),其中以ICU病区最多。结论医院泌尿系感染病原菌以革兰阴性菌为主,大肠埃希菌为主要致病菌。男性患者较女性患者更容易导致泌尿系感染。泌尿系感染人群以60岁以上人群比例最多,其中81-90年龄段占比较高。ICU病区患者泌尿系感染几率最高。及时监测尿液标本临床分离株的分布情况和特征,能够帮助临床医生诊断尿路感染。
Objective To investigate the characteristics of urinary tract infection pathogens, related patient gender,age and clinical department distribution from 2016 to 2017, and to provide a reliable basis for the diagnosis of clinical urinary tract infection and the control of nosocomial infections. Methods A total of 1369 strains of urinary tract infections were collected from our hospitals from January 2016 to December 2017. Bacterial culture and drug susceptibility tests were conducted according to National Guide To Clinical Laboratory Procedures （4th edition）. VITEK-2 compact automatic drug sensitivity analyzer was used to identify the strain and drug sensitivity test, while the drug susceptibility break point judgment was determined by using the American Clinical Laboratory Standardization Committee （CLSI） 2017 version of the standard. WHONET 5.6 software and chi-square test was used for data processing and analysis. Results Among the 1369 isolates,778 strains（56.83%) were gram-negative bacteria,303 strains（22.13%) were gram-positive bacteria, and 288 strains （21.04%） were fungi, with mainly gram-negative bacteria. Gram-negative bacteria separation rate of the first two were Escherichia coli（28.85%) and Klebsiella pneumoniae(11.91%). Gram-positive bacteria separation rate of the first two were Enterococcus faecium(11. 91%) and Enterococcus faecalis（4.53%). The highest fungal isolation rate was Candida albicans（8.25%). There were 37.76% for women,62.24% for men in Urinary Tract Infection. The top three of age group were distributed in 81-90 （43.54%）, 71-80 （21. 18%), and 61-70 (12.56%). The prevalence of urinary tract infection was in all wards of the hospital, The first three cases of ward separation were accounted for ICU ward (26.52%), neurological and psychiatric ward (17.02%), emergency ward (10.52%), respectively, ICU ward has the highest separation rate. Conclusion Urinary tract infection in our hospitals has gram-negative bacteria, Escherichia coli as the main pathogens. Male patients are more likely to cause urinary tract infections than female patients. Urinary tract infection in the population over the age of 60 was the largest proportion, of which 81-90 age groups accounted for a higher proportion. ICU patients with pathogenic bacteria isolation rate has the highest infection rate. Timely monitoring the distribution and characteristics of clinical isolates of urine specimens can facilitate the clinicians diagnose of urinary tract infection.
作者
解泽强
陈亮
张曼
XIE Ze- qiang;CHEN Liang;ZHANG Man(Peking University Ninth School of Clinical Medicine, Department of Clinic Laboratory, Beijing Shijitan hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Key Laboratory of Urinary Cellular Molecular Diagnostics ,Beijing 100038 ,China)
出处
《标记免疫分析与临床》
CAS
2018年第5期610-615,共6页
Labeled Immunoassays and Clinical Medicine
基金
北京市医管局首届登峰人才计划(编号:DFL20150701)
院青年基金:泌尿系多重耐药肺炎克雷伯菌喹诺酮类药物耐药机制研究(2017-q43)
关键词
泌尿系感染
病原菌
分布特点
Urinary tract infection
Pathogen
Distribution characteristics
