摘要
近年来中国农村离婚现象增多,由此引发的社会问题凸显,深刻认识农村婚姻关系稳定性的影响因素及其机制具有重要意义。本文尝试将已婚妇女所处婚姻市场的婚龄人口性别比例关系视为一个重要的环境变量,并在此基础上考察婚姻市场性别失衡对已婚妇女离婚决策的影响。实证结果表明,男性相对过剩的性别失衡增加了女性的离婚风险,年轻妇女所受影响尤为显著。这一结果的形成,与中国的实际国情紧密相关。妇女地位在最近几十年提升明显,但一些与社会发展不同步的落后习俗或观念在农村地区仍占有市场,女性获得幸福婚姻的难度仍然较大。农村婚姻关系的治理,依赖于进一步发展教育和经济,提高人口素质和传播文明观念。
As an emerging phenomenon of the marital relationship,the negative impacts of divorce increasingly arise in rural China. It is important to understand the causes and mechanisms of divorce in rural society. This paper introduces sex ratio as an important environmental factor in the marital decision-making process of rural married females and estimates the effects of gender imbalance with surplus males on females' divorce Decisions. Our empirical results show that gender imbalance exposes married rural females to a higher risk of divorce,especially young females. We argue that our results are consistent with the basic national conditions of China. Although the status of females has improved as a whole in the past decades,traditional gender identity and social norm still play notable roles in rural China which expel females out of the enjoyment of marriage to some extent. Therefore,education,civilization and rural development are essential for healthy rural marriage markets.
出处
《社会发展研究》
2018年第2期118-138,共21页
Journal of Social Development
