摘要
已有破坏性创新的研究大多在"破坏性创新已经出现"这个假设下,探讨企业如何应对破坏性创新的挑战,较少涉及破坏性创新的前因和过程。通过中国情景下本土需求实现破坏性创新的企业案例,剖析本土需求引发破坏性创新的形成机理,将有助于丰富破坏性创新形成前因的研究。选取3家本土电动汽车企业作为研究对象,采用扎根理论研究方法的3阶段编码程序对案例进行剖析,解析后发国家情景下本土需求的构成要素,探究本土需求引致破坏性创新的概念框架,分别从本土需求的形成过程和异质性内涵以及本土需求与企业破坏性创新关系3个方面解读概念模型,最终给出本土需求引发破坏性创新的机理模型。研究结果表明,(1)本土需求是由经济约束、政府规制、技术条件和社会文化条件4个主范畴构成,4个主范畴之间的交互作用创造了异质性需求条件,最终引发本土需求外在表现的独特性。(2)本土需求的4个主范畴对破坏性技术重构的作用点存在差异。经济约束、政府规制、技术条件和社会文化条件形成的约束条件产生技术结构性破坏,经济约束和政府规制形成的约束条件往往产生技术功能性破坏。(3)本土需求引发破坏性创新的过程分为破坏性技术重构型路径、价值网络重构型路径、技术衍生价值网络重构型路径、价值网络衍生技术重构型路径。在理论上,研究结果为探讨不同范畴的本土需求与破坏性创新关系模式提供了理论分析框架,拓展了后发国家破坏性创新得以实现的基础和条件,描绘了后发企业基于本土需求构建破坏性创新的实现路径。在实践上,研究结果为后发国家的企业提供对策建议,使其能够有针对性的认知本土需求对破坏性创新的价值,并为后发国家政策有针对性地构造产业竞争规则提供理论支持。
Most of the existing research on disruptive innovation is based on the assumption that＂disruptive innovation has come into existence＂,and thus exploring how enterprises respond to the challenges of disruptive innovation. Nevertheless,there are a few studies focusing on the causes and processes of disruptive innovation. There is no extraordinary in the context of China,and some local companies have performed destructive cases that rely on local demand. It is assumed that analyzing the domestic demand embedded in the context of China and studying the formation mechanism of disruptive innovation in the context of local demand will help enrich the research on the antecedents of destructive innovation.To comprehensively understand the sources and stages of disruptive innovation,this paper selected three local electric-vehicle companies as the research object,used three-stage coding procedure of grounded theory research method,decomposed the key elements of local demand in the context of late-developing countries,and explored the theoretical framework of local demand leading to disruptive innovation. Then this paper analyzed the conceptual model from the three aspects of the formation process of local demand,the heterogeneous connotation of local demand,and the relationship between local demand and the choice of corporate innovation behavior. Finally,it presented the mechanism model of the destructive innovation induced by local demand.Based on a comprehensive and in-depth study,the results indicate that：（1）The local demand is composed of four categories：economic constraints,government regulations,technical conditions,and social and cultural conditions. The interaction between the four categories creates heterogeneous demand conditions that eventually lead to the uniqueness of the external performance of local demand.（2）There are differences between the four categories of local demand on the role of disruptive technology reconstruction,such as social and cultural conditions,economic constraints,government regulations and technical conditions which haveled to the emergence of technology structural disruption,and economic constraints and government regulation often result in the technology functions disruption.（3）Triggered by local demand,there are four paths of the disruptive innovation： disruptive technology reconstruction,value network reconstruction,technology derived value network reconstruction,and value network derived technology reconstruction.In theory,the results provide a theoretical framework for exploring the relationship between local demand and disruptive innovation in different categories,and expand the foundation and conditions for the disruptive innovation in late-developing countries. It depicts the path of latecomer enterprises based on local demand to build disruptive innovation. In practice,the results of the research provide suggestions for the enterprises in the late-developing countries to identify the local demand of disruptive innovation,and provide theoretical support for the industrial policies of competition.
作者
程鹏
柳卸林
李洋
周江华
CHENG Peng;LIU Xielin;LI Yang;ZHOU Jianghua(School of Economics ＆ Management, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China;School of Economics and Management, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China;Business School, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China)
出处
《管理科学》
CSSCI
北大核心
2018年第2期33-44,共12页
Journal of Management Science
基金
国家自然科学基金(71472015)
关键词
本土需求
破坏性创新
破坏性技术重构
价值网络重构
后发企业
local demand
disruptive innovation
disruptive technology reconstruction
value network reconstruction
latecomer en-terprise
