摘要
目的 了解陕西省空巢老人抑郁发生情况及影响因素,为降低空巢老人抑郁发生提供依据.方法 2016年7—8月,采用方便抽样方法选择陕西省内60岁及以上常住老人为调查对象,其中空巢老人504人,非空巢老人194人.采用老年抑郁量表（GDS）、社会支持量表、自行设计的陕西省老年人一般情况调查表进行问卷调查.采用ANOVA分析空巢老人抑郁得分情况,用Pearson分析进行空巢老人社会支持与抑郁症状的相关性,用二元Logistic回归分析抑郁影响因素.结果 空巢老人抑郁检出率为45.63%,非空巢老人抑郁检出率为32.99%,两组抑郁程度比较差异有统计学意义（χ^2=10.447,P〈0.05）.空巢老人GDS得分为（9.68±5.26）分,非空巢老人为（8.51±4.69）分,差异有统计学意义（t=7.390,P〈0.01）.二元Logistic回归分析显示,居住方式（OR=0.596）、文化程度（OR=0.799）、年龄（OR=1.394）、居住地（OR=1.699）、晚年生活幸福度（OR=1.663）、目前生活状况满意度（OR=1.474）与抑郁症状相关（P〈0.05）.Pearson相关分析显示,空巢老人社会支持与抑郁呈负相关（r=-0.260,P〈0.01）.结论 空巢老人的抑郁发生率高,抑郁严重影响着空巢老人的身心健康,应采取有针对性的措施,为空巢老人提供更全面的社会支持,提高空巢老人的生活质量,降低抑郁的发生.
Objective To investigate the incidence and influencing factors of depression in empty-nest elderly, so as to provide evidence for reducing depression in empty-nest elderly. Methods During July to August 2016, the elderly over 60 years old in Shaanxi Province, including 504 empty-nest elderly and 194 non-empty-nest, were selected convenience sampling method. The Geriatric Depression Scale （GDS）, Social Support Scale, and self-designed questionnaire about the general condition were used. ANOVA was applied to analyze the depression scores; Pearson correlation analysis was used to analyze the relation between social support and depressive symptoms; and Logistic regression analysis had been used to analyze the influencing factors of depression. Results The detection rate on depression of empty-nest elderly was 45.63%, and that of the non-empty-nest elderly was 32.99%, the difference was statistically significant （χ^2=10.447,P〈 0.05）. The scores of GDS of the empty-nest and non-empty-nest elderly were （9.68±5.26） and （8.51±4.69） respectively, and the difference was statistically significant （t=7.390,P〈 0.01）. Logistic regression analysis showed that living pattern （OR=0.596）, degree of education （OR=0.799）, age （OR=1.394）, place of abode （OR=1.699）, happiness degree of later life （OR=1.663） and current life satisfaction （OR=1.474） were correlated with depressive symptom （P〈0.05）. In addition, Pearson correlation analysis indicated that the social support of the empty-nesters was negatively correlated with depression （r=-0.260,P〈0.01）. Conclusions The incidence of depression is high in empty-nest elderly, which seriously affects the physical and mental health of them. Targeted measures should be taken to provide more comprehensive social support for empty-nest elderly, improve their life quality and reduce the incidence of depression.
作者
王侠
化前珍
段思柳
李英
张飒乐
程颖
刘芳娥
Wang Xia;Hua Qianzhen;Duan Siliu;Li Ying;Zhang Sale;Cheng Ying;Liu Fang＇e(Medical School, Xi＇an Peihua University, Xi＇an 710125, China)
出处
《中华现代护理杂志》
2018年第14期1644-1648,共5页
Chinese Journal of Modern Nursing
基金
西安市社会科学规划基金项目（16PH10）
西安培华学院校级课题（PHKT16098）
关键词
老年人
抑郁
社会支持
空巢
影响因素
Aged
Depression
Social support
Empty-nest
Influencing factors
