摘要
泽州县长河流域压煤面积大,水资源浪费严重、土地损毁现象普遍。【目的】改善研究区生态环境质量。【方法】通过提取坡度、归一化植被指数(NDVI)、土地利用类型和土地损毁数据,采用最小累积阻力模型,建立了水源涵养、土壤形成与营养循环以及水土资源综合保护最小累积阻力面,通过对阻力面的分析,研究严重损毁下矿区水土资源保护问题。【结果】在水源涵养最小累积阻力面中,低、中、高阻力区面积分别占总面积的54.5%、35.8%、9.7%;阻力值以源地(水域)为中心,向外扩散增大。在土壤形成与营养循环最小累积阻力面中,低、中、高阻力区面积分别占总面积的23.4%、35.2%、41.4%;阻力呈现出以土地损毁最严重的区域为中心,向外扩散减小的形状。在水土资源综合累积阻力面中,低、中、高阻力区分别占总面积的8.8%、80.9%、10.3%;高阻力主要分布在西北部,低阻力主要分布沿河流,南部阻力最低。【结论】高阻力区保护工作难度最大,在保护工作中,重点在于改善土地损毁状况。中等阻力区保护工作难度适中,应该针对性地调整沿水域分布的采矿区。低阻力区保护工作难度最低,说明该区域的生态环境质量高,但更应该采取相应措施维持甚至进一步提高生态环境质量水平。
【Objective】Land degradation and poor water use efficiency are two problems facing the Change River Basin, and the purpose of this paper is to present a new method to ameliorate ecological and environmental deterioration in this region.【Method】We first extracted the surface slopes, NDVI index, land use types and land degradation in the region from available data, and then established the minimum accumulation resistance for water conservation, soil genesis, nutrient cycling, water and land conservation respectively, using the MCR model. From the resistance surface, we analyzed the land and water conservation for the most deteriorated mining areas.【Result】For the cumulative resistance of water conservation, the area associated with low, moderate and high resistance accounted for 54.5%, 35.8% and 9.7% of the total area respectively, with areas proximal to watercourses having the least resistance and those away from the watercourses having the highest. For cumulative resistance of land conversation and soil, the areas associated with low, moderate and high resistance made up 23.4%, 35.2%and 41.4% of the total area respectively, with the most degraded areas having the highest resistance and the areas away from them having the least. For both water and land, the areas associated with low, moderate and high resistance accounted for 8.8%, 80.9% and 10.3% respectively of the total area, with the high resistance areas in the northwest and the low resistance areas near the watercourses in the south.【Conclusion】Protecting the areas with high resistance is most challenging and the focus should be to remediate the degraded lands. Protecting the areas with moderate resistance should aim at the mining areas close to watercourses. Low resistance represents less degraded land, the focus in which should be to maintain or even improve its ecological and environmental quality.
作者
王瑾
李敏
毕如田
WANG Jin;LI Min;BI Rutian(College of Resources ＆ Environment, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu 030801, China)
出处
《灌溉排水学报》
CSCD
北大核心
2018年第6期117-123,共7页
Journal of Irrigation and Drainage
基金
国土公益科研专项(201411007)
山西农业大学博士后研究项目(614144)
关键词
水土资源保护
评价
最小累积阻力模型
生态价值
长河流域
conservation of water and land
evaluation
minimum cumulative resistance
ecology value
Long River basin
