摘要
目的探讨在神经外科重症监护室（NICU）采用以家庭为中心的陪护制度的应用效果。方法选取2015年1月至2016年12月在我院NICU住院治疗的416例患者，其中2015年1—12月住院的197例患者为对照组，采用限制性探视制度；2016年1—12月住院的219例患者为研究组，采用以家庭为中心的陪护制度。比较两组患者家属的焦虑程度和满意度、护士工作满意度、两组患者住NICU时间及费用、两组患者接受镇静治疗及约束带使用者占比、两组患者在NICU期间不良事件发生率。结果对照组患者家属焦虑程度评分为（52．76±5．21）分，明显高于研究组的（34．61±5．98）分；研究组患者家属满意度调查“获取信息”维度和“接近患者”维度得分均高于对照组，组间差异均有统计学意义（均P〈0．01）。护士工作满意度结果显示，研究组“工作中的状态”维度和“工作中的人际关系”维度得分均高于对照组，差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。两组患者住NICU时间及费用比较差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）；对照组患者接受镇静治疗和约束带使用者占比均高于研究组，差异有统计学意义（P〈0．01）；对照组下肢静脉血栓发生率（13．7％，27／197）高于研究组（6．8％，15／219）差异有统计学意义（P〈0．01），两组其他不良事件发生率差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。结论与限制性探视制度相比，在NICU实行以家庭为中心的陪护制度对护、患双方均有益，充分体现了人性化的探视制度。
Objective To study the application of the family centered escort system in neurosurgical intensive care units （NICU）. Methods 416 cases of NICU patients from January 2015 to December 2016 were selected, 197 cases of the patients from January to December 2015 serving as the control group subject to a restrictive visit system. 219 cases of patients from January to December 2016 were used as the study group subject to the family centered escort system. The two groups were compared as to the anxiety state and satisfaction of the family members, the job satisfaction of nurses, the duration and cost of the patients in NICU, the ratio of the patients subject to sedation and restraint bands, and the incidences of adverse events of patients during NICU. Results Scores of anxiety state of the family members showed that the control group （52.76 ± 5.21） was significantly higher than that of the study group （34.61 ± 5.98）. The dimensions of ＂information acquisition＂ and ＂access to patients＂ as found in the satisfaction survey of the family members showed the study group as higher than the control group, a difference of statistical significance between two groups （ both P 〈 0.01 ）. The dimensions of ＂ state at work＂ and ＂ interpersonal relationship at work＂ showed the study group as higher than the control group, a difference of statistical significance between two groups （P 〈 0. 05 ） as found in the job satisfaction survey of nurses. The comparison between the two groups in NICU duration and expenses showed no significant statistical difference （P 〉 0.05 ）. The ratio of sedation treatment and restraint band usage of control group was significantly higher than that of the study group, a difference of statistical significance （P 〈 0.01 ）. The incidence ratio of lower extremity venous thrombosis showed that the control group （13.7%, 27/197 ） was higher than that of the study group （ 6.8% , 15/219 ） , a difference of statistical significance （ P 〈 0. 01 ）. There was no significant difference as to the incidences of other adverse events of the two groups （P 〉 0. 05 ）.Conclusions Compared with the restricted visiting system, the family centered escort system in NICU is beneficial to both the nurses and patients, justifying the humanity of the latter system.
作者
木冬妹
陶浙燕
王飞飞
张春梅
Mu Dongmei;Tao Zheyan;Wang Feifei;Zhang Chunmei(The Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, Chin)
出处
《中华医院管理杂志》
CSCD
北大核心
2018年第6期505-509,共5页
Chinese Journal of Hospital Administration
