摘要
针对深施型液态施肥机分配器工作效率低及液肥能量损失大问题,设计了与斜置式扎穴机构相配套的差动式双向供肥分配装置。为了避免差动式双向供肥分配装置与斜置式扎穴机构之间连接的软管发生缠绕,采用双行星轮-内齿圈组合机构的传动原理,并根据斜置式扎穴机构喷肥针肥路接口的运动特性,确定差动式双向供肥分配装置各组件的传动比;为满足喷肥针入出土即刻喷肥特性,进行了差动式双向供肥分配装置空间凸轮的设计,得到相应的结构参数:推程运动角31.8°、回程运动角25.6°、平均圆柱半径100 mm、行程最大值6 mm。对行星轮进行运动学分析,得到行星轮的运动轨迹方程。进行差动式双向供肥分配装置性能试验,记录在一个工作周期内差动式双向供肥分配装置与斜置式扎穴机构每次间隔旋转45°时的输肥软管运动状态,验证软管会否发生缠绕;以液压泵压力为影响因子,分别测得不同水平下每5 s内的施肥量,求得喷肥针与液压泵出口处的流速,并得到差动式双向供肥分配装置液肥能量损失值及节能损失规律,分配装置具有高效率的喷肥性能。
Aiming at the problems that low working efficiency and energy loss of liquid fertilizer of distributor for deep-fertilizatlon liquid fertilizer applicator, the differential-type bidirectional distribution device for fertilizer supply that matched pricking hole mechanism for oblique type was designed. In order to avoid the winding of connecting hoses between the differential-type bidirectional distribution device for fertilizer supply and pricking hole mechanism for oblique type, the mechanism transmission principle that consisted of double planetary2gears and annular gear was employed, and the transmission ratio of differential-type bidirectional distribution device for fertilizer supply was obtained based on the movement characteristics of spray fertilizer needle hoses couler of pricking hole mechanism for oblique type; the space-cam of differential-type bidirectional distribution device for fertilizer supply was designed to meet the characteristic that spray fertilizer needle sprayed liquid fertilizer, and the structure parameters of device were obtained, i. e. , the upon movement angle of space-cam was 31.8°, the down movement angle of space-cam was 25.6°, base circle radius of space-cam was 100 mm and the maximum value of space-cam stroke was 6 mm. The kinematics of double planetary gears was analyzed, and the motion trajectory equation of planetary gears was obtained. The performance experiment of differential-type bidirectional distribution device for fertilizer supply was done. The hose status was recorded between differential-type bidirectional distribution device for fertilizer supply and pricking hole mechanism for oblique type when the device worked at each time interval of 45° rotation, the connecting hoses that did not twine were verified; the pressure of hydraulic pump as the influence factor, the amounts of liquid fertilizer were measured per 5 s at different levels, the flow velocity of injection needle and hydraulic pump outlet were obtained, the rule of energy loss, value of energy loss for the device and the higher efficiency to spray liquid fertilizer of the device were obtained.
作者
王金武
周文琪
白海超
王金峰
黄会男
王忠波
WANG Jinwu;ZHOU Wenqi;BAI Haichao;WANG Jinfeng;HUANG Huinan;WANG Zhongbo(College of Engineering, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China)
出处
《农业机械学报》
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2018年第6期105-111,共7页
Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(51675093)
关键词
深施型液态施肥机
供肥分配装置
运动学分析
性能试验
deep-fertilizer liquid fertilizer application
distribution device for fertilizer supply
kinematics analysis
performance experiment
