摘要
有效快速止血是降低战伤病死率的关键，也是近年来战术战伤救治（TCCC）关注的重点。随着战场和创伤形式的改变，对创伤止血的要求也越来越高，因此止血的研究理念和方法日新月异。目前，战创伤用局部止血材料或产品种类繁多，作用机制各有不同，其用途都是针对战时伤情急救、自救及对创面的快速处理。高效的局部止血材料或产品可迅速促进凝血，阻止严重出血，减少战伤死亡，更适合野战环境，因此研发具有高效能和针对不同需求的局部止血产品将是止血领域未来发展的必然趋势。笔者对壳聚糖、沸石类等新型战创伤局部止血材料的作用机制、效能及某些不良影响因素进行综述，并对目前快速止血材料的研究提出新的思路和展望，为研制针对严重战创伤尤其是贯通伤或高能爆炸伤的止血材料或器械提供理论基础。
Effective and rapid hemostasis is the key to reduce the mortality of war injuries and has been the focus of tactical war injury treatment （ TCCC ） in recent years. With the changes of battlefield and trauma, the higher demand for trauma hemostasis promotes the fast development of new hemostasis concept and methods. At present, there are a wide variety of topical hemostasis materials or products with different mechanisms of action, all of which are aimed at first aid, self rescue, and rapid treatment of wounds in wartime. Efficient topical hemostasis materials or products can quickly promote coagulation, prevent serious bleeding, and reduce the death of war injuries, thus being suitable for the field battle. Therefore, it is an inevitable trend to develop highly efficient hemostatic products catering to diverse needs. In this article, we briefly review the mechanism, efficiency, and some deficiencies of several novel hemostatic agents such as chitosan and zeolite, and provide new outlook for the research of current rapid hemostatic products. It provides a theoretical basis for development of hemostasis medical materials and instruments for severe combat trauma, especially penetrating injury or high-energy explosive injury.
作者
赵一璠
赵京禹
付小兵
Zhao Yifan;Zhao Jingyu;Fu Xiaobing.(Department of Anesthesiology, General Hospital of PLA, Beijing 100048, China)
出处
《中华创伤杂志》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2018年第6期534-539,共6页
Chinese Journal of Trauma
关键词
止血
创伤和损伤
战术战伤救治
Hemostasis
Wounds and injuries
Tactical combat casualty care
