摘要
本文依据句法制图理论框架分析汉语非完整体句式的非完句效应,详解非完句效应在不同句法域的多种形态句法消解手段,并提出时间锚定法则从语义层面详述内/外在时间性在非完整体句式的表征方式。不同于进行体标记"在",普通非完整体标记"着"表现出显著的非完句效应。非完整体句式的时间锚定就是依据断言时间AST-T对事件时间EV-T作出评价。进行体标记"在"的[+中心耦合]特征表明AST-T时间处于EV-T之内,因此具有独立的时间锚定功能。而"着"的[u中心耦合]特征体现AST-T与EV-T之间的重叠关系,只能确定VP域内的内在时间性。在VP之上的各个句法域中,中心语"着"作为一个算子Op,需要被成分统制它的完句成分所约束并为其[u中心耦合]特征赋予具体时值来确定其外在时间性,从而实现时间锚定功能并满足句法—语义映射的要求。
From the perspective of the Cartographic Approach framework, this article aims to analyze the Incompleteness Effects in Chinese imperfective aspect sentences, deeply explain various salvaging devices of the Incompleteness Effects in different syntactic domains, and propose the Temporality-anchoring Generalization to semantically illustrate the representative mode of the interior/exterior temporality in Chinese imperfective aspect sentences. Different from the progressive aspect marker zai, the general imperfective aspect marker -zhe exhibits the typical Incompleteness Effects. The temporal anchoring in Chinese imperfect aspect sentences means making evaluation toward event time EV-T according to assertion time AST-T. As the head of the phase AspP1 above vP, the [＋ central coincidence] feature of the progressive aspect marker zai means that AST-T time is within EV-T time, so possesses its independent temporality-anchoring function. The Temporality-anchoring Generalization demands that the aspect marker -zhe should anchor its interior temporality together with its exterior temporality, which shows that the exterior temporality is also quite important to the Temporality-anchoring Generalization. However, the [u central coincidence] feature of the general imperfective aspect marker -zhe implies that AST-T time is overlapped with EV-T time, and can only license its interior temporality in VP domain. In other domains above VP domain （i.e., AspP2, vP, AspP1, TP, ModP, FocusP, TopicP and ForceP）, the head -zhe serves as an operator Op, and must be licensed by the C-commanding constituents which can bind and assign the exact value to the [u central coincidence] feature so as to license its exterior temporality, therefore realizing the temporality-anchoring function and satisfying the syntax-semantics mapping.
作者
陆志军
温宾利
LU Zhijun;WEN Binli(Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China;Guangdong University of Foreign Studies, Guangzhou 510420, China)
出处
《北京第二外国语学院学报》
2018年第2期45-61,共17页
Journal of Beijing International Studies University
基金
教育部人文社会科学重点研究基地重大项目"现代汉语时间指称的句法研究"(项目编号:13JJD740010)
广东省哲学社会科学"十三五"规划项目"制图理论框架下汉语特色句式的句法图谱研究"(项目编号:GD17XWW15)
全国高校外语教学科研(横向)项目"句法制图理论框架下汉语非完整体句式的非完句效应研究"(项目编号:2017GD0047B)
广东工业大学博士启动基金项目"汉语体结构的句法语义分析"(项目编号:17ZS0164)的研究成果
关键词
制图理论
非完整体标记
非完句效应
消解手段
时间锚定
Cartographic Approach
imperfective aspect markers
Incompleteness Effects
salvaging devices
temporal anchoring
