摘要
孤独症谱系障碍(ASD)是一种复杂脑发育障碍,儿童时期是孤独症问题行为诊断和干预的关键时间窗.本研究基于脑电和眼动追踪来探索孤独症儿童和正常儿童的发展规律.实验1为脑电发展研究,共招募351名年龄范围为3~9岁的儿童(孤独症组:80名,健康对照组:271名),记录静息态脑电,通过Pwelch方法对儿童脑电进行相对功率谱分析,并建立线性模型探索年龄和诊断组别主效应.结果发现,随着年龄的增长,孤独症儿童慢波波段相对功率谱的发展趋势和正常组具有相似的下降趋势,但是在alpha波段,孤独症儿童的发展趋势与正常儿童存在着显著偏差.实验2为眼动注视模式研究,共招募了293儿童(孤独症组:104名,健康对照组:189名),以一岁作为间隔对孤独症儿童兴趣区域注视时间统计分析,发现孤独症儿童注视共同注意缺失,而更多注意视频材料中的背景和身体部分.经研究表明,脑电神经振荡活动和眼动注意特征可用于儿童发展的客观发育评价,并能揭示脑电特征和注视行为模式随年龄变化的规律,有助于孤独症儿童的早期识别.
Autism spectrum disorder （ASD） is a complex brain developmental disorder characterized by troubles with social interaction and communication, and by restricted interest and repetitive stereotypical behaviors. Childhood is a critical development period in a human life associated with physical, cognitive and social-emotional development, and has also been considered as a key time window for early diagnosis and intervention of autism. In this article, we focus on investigating the development rules of autistic children and typically developing （TD） children using electroencephalography （EEG） signal analysis and eye tracking analysis by conducting the following two independent experiments, respectively. In the first experiment, the resting-state EEG data of 351 children aged ranging from 3 to 9 years （80 children with autism, 271 TD children） are collected. We calculated the relative power spectrum of EEG using the well-known Pwelch＇s method and then established a linear model to explore the main effects of age and diagnosis group at each frequency band. The results showed that the relative power spectrum in the slow-wave band decreased with age both in children with autism and TD children. Notably, autistic children demonstrated that significant differences in the relative power in the alpha band from children in TD group. In the second experiment, a total of 293 children aged ranging from 3 to 9 years （104 children with autism, 189 TD children） were recruited to acquire the eye gaze data when watching a dynamic social scene video. Different areas of interest, including eye, mouth, body, background and joint attention, were considered, and the total fixation time of each area of interest was statistically computed for children with autism and TD children with an interval of one year. The results demonstrated that the proportion of fixation time of the joint attention and the mouth in children with autism was significantly reduced compared to TD children. Specifically, autistic children were the common attention deficit, while paying more attention to the background and the body. In summary, two experiments above have been performed to explore the potential objective biomarkers and behavior markers from different perspectives of neural oscillation and statistical features of eye-tracking fixation patterns. Both results have proven that EEG oscillation activity and eye gaze behavior can provide an objective evaluation of brain development for children with autism, and furthermore can reveal the developmental rules of EEG and eye gaze behavior patterns with age, which is helpful for clinical diagnosis and early intervention of ASD.
作者
韩俊霞
康健楠
欧阳高翔
佟祯
丁萌
张丹
李小俚
Junxia Han;Jiannan Kang;Gaoxiang Ouyang;Zhen Tong;Meng Ding;Dan Zhang;Xiaoli Li(State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning, Beifing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China;Institute of Electrical Engineering, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao 066004, China;Institute of Electronic Information Engineering, Hebei University, Baoding 071000, China)
出处
《科学通报》
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2018年第15期1464-1473,共10页
Chinese Science Bulletin
基金
国家重点研发计划重点专项(2016YFC1306203)
国家自然科学基金(61761166003)
爱佑慈善基金资助
关键词
孤独症
脑发育
脑电图
相对功率
眼动追踪
共同注意
autism
brain development
electroencephalography （EEG）
relative power
eye tracking
joint attention
