摘要
为了解决我国人工施肥劳动强度大、施肥均匀性较差和施肥机存在的地区适用性差、控制精度低的问题,设计了一种小型竖直螺旋式精量条施机。通过建立竖直螺旋排肥器的数学模型,得到螺旋叶片主要参数为内径18mm、外径45mm、螺距20mm。该条施机由竖直螺旋排肥机构、行走轮速度检测装置和控制系统3部分组成,控制系统根据行走轮速度检测装置检测的条施机行走速度,并结合当前设置的施肥量控制步进排肥电机的转速,从而达到精量施肥目的。试验结果表明:施肥量设置一定时,小型竖直螺旋式精量条施机的排肥量与条施机行走距离成线性关系;条施机控制系统的最大偏差为6.76%;变速行走时不断条,且变异系数远小于标准的1 3%。该条施机为丘陵山区的精量施肥机的设计提供了参考,提高了农业机械的机电一体化程度。
In order to solve the problem of the great labor intensity and the poor uniformity of artificially applying fertilizer,and the poor applicability and the low control accuracy of fertilizer applicator in our country,a small vertical screw precision banding fertilizer applicator is designed in this paper. By establishing the mathematical model of vertical screw fertilizer distributor,we get the main parameters of helical blade： internal diameter is 18 mm,external diameter is45 mm and pitch is 20 mm. The banding fertilizer applicator consists of vertical screw fertilizer mechanism,the walking wheel velocity detecting device and control system. According to the walking speed detected by speed detector device,combined with the amount of fertilizer currently in place,control system control the speed of the stepping motor,then achieve the purpose of precision fertilization. Test results show that when the amount of fertilizer is set,fertilizer quantity and drill walking distance is linear. Maximum deviation of control system is 6. 76%. When variable speed moving,the banding is uninterrupted,the coefficient of variation is much smaller than the standard 13%. The banding fertilizer applicator provides a reference for the design of the machine precision fertilization in Hilly and mountainous areas,and the degreeof electromechanical integration of agricultural machinery has been improved.
作者
李晓贤
赵进
任震宇
陈昶
汪洋
何培祥
Li Xiaoxian;Zhao Jin;Ren Zhenyu;Chen Chang;. Wang Yang;He Peixiang(College of Engineering and Technology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China)
出处
《农机化研究》
北大核心
2018年第12期75-79,共5页
Journal of Agricultural Mechanization Research
基金
中央高校基本业务费专项(XDJK2017D193)
关键词
条施机
竖直螺旋
精量
控制系统
步进排肥电机
banding fertilizer applicator
vertical screw
precision
control system
fertilizing stepper motor
