摘要
目的了解西安市周边河流沿岸种植玉米中重金属污染的基本状况。方法从西安市境内的灞河、沣河和渭河沿岸采集玉米样品,用电感耦合等离子体质谱(Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass ectrometry)测定方法对样品进行检测,采用方差分析对3条河流沿岸玉米中元素含量的差异进行比较。结果西安市境内沣河、灞河和渭河沿岸玉米中Hg、Cr、As和Cd的合格率均为100%,Pb的合格率为87.5%、100%和88.2%;Hg、Cr、Cu、Zn、As、Pb、Mn、Ni和Se的平均含量为0.003 4、0.243、1.89、11.132、0.055、0.113、3.737、0.230和0.009 1 mg/kg。经方差分析Cu、Zn、As、Pb、Ni和Se元素在不同河流沿岸玉米中含量差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);Hg、Cr和Mn含量差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论建议相关部门加强对本地河流沿岸玉米重金属元素Hg、Cr、Cu、Zn、Pb、Mn和Ni的监测,进一步查找引起其变化异常的原因。提高农业富硒肥料的使用,并尽快建立相应完整的粮食重金属元素评价标准。
[ Objective ] To understand the basic situation of heavy metal pollution in maize growing along the rivers around Xi＇an. [Methods] The maize samples were collected from the Bahe River, Fenghe River and Weihe River in Xi＇an City, inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry method was adopted for the determination. By using variance analysis, the differences of elements content in maize along the 3 rivers were compared. [Results] The qualified rate of Hg, Cr, As, Cd in maize was 100% in Bahe River, Fenghe River and Weihe River of Xi＇an City, that of Pb was 87.5%, 100% and 88.2%, respectively. The average content of Hg, Cr, Cu, Zn, As, Pb, Mn, Ni, Se was 0.0034, mg/kg 0.243 mg/kg, 1.89 mg/kg, 11.132/kg, 0.055 mg/kg, 0.113 mg/kg, 3.737 mg/kg, 0.230 mg/kg, and 0.0091 mg/kg, respectively. The variance analysis showed that the contents of Cu, Zn, As, Pb, Ni and Se were not significantly different in maize along the rivers bank （P〉0.05）. The content of Hg, Cr and Mn elements were significantly different （P〈0.05）. [Conclusion ] Related departments are suggested to strengthen monitoring of Hg, Cr, Cu, Zn, Pb, Mn, Ni in maize along the rivers bank, to further find out the cause of the abnormal change, to improve the use of selenium fertilizer in agriculture, and to establish the evaluation standard of heavy metal elements as soon as possible.
作者
费勇山
刘佳
安建博
马超锋
FEI Yong-shan;LIU Jia;AN Jian-bo;MA Chao-feng(Quality Control Department, Xi＇an Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Xi＇an Shaanxi, 710054, China)
出处
《职业与健康》
CAS
2018年第12期1643-1646,共4页
Occupation and Health
基金
陕西省社会发展科技攻关项目(2016SF-415)
关键词
河流
玉米
重金属元素
含量
River
Maize
Heavy metal elements
Content
