摘要
通过对数字式摆式摩擦系数测定仪的摆动轨迹建模研究,建立了摆初始位置势能变化量与对应弧度变化量的关系;推导了弧度与竖向位置变化量之间的关系,论证了摆的初始位置越靠近水平,单位弧度对应的摆的势能变化量越大,释放摆的过程中因机械抖动等引入的误差越大;推导了摩擦系数计算模型,确定了最佳计算公式选择条件,论证了数字式摆式仪的摩擦系数取决于摆的初始位置、空摆过程中摆达到的最高位置、测量过程中摆达到的最高位置等因素,与摆式仪本身的水平度、立柱垂直度等无关;通过引用低速状态下空气阻力模型,确定在摩擦系数测量过程中由空气阻力做功影响引入的误差小于0.001 1 J;以高精度摆式摩擦系数测定仪为例,探讨了测量过程中机械摩擦、机械抖动等引入误差的范围。
The swing trajectory is modeled for the digital tilting friction coefficient tester,to obtain the relationship between the change of the potential energy of the initial position and the corresponding radian change.The relationship between the curvature and the vertical position change is deduced.The closer the initial position is to the horizon,the greater the change of the potential energy of the corresponding pendulum with the unit arc,the larger the error introduced by the mechanical jitter in the release process.The friction coefficient calculation model is deduced,and the optimal calculation formula condition is determined.It is proved that the friction coefficient of the digital tilting instrument depends on the initial position of the pendulum,the highest position of the pendulum in the pendulum,and the highest position of the pendulum in the measuring process.And the friction coefficient is independent of the horizon degree and vertical degree of the pendulum instrument itself.By using the air resistance model at low speed,the error introduced by the influence of air resistance is less than 0.001 1 J.Taking the high accuracy pendulum friction coefficient tester as an example,the range of error introduced by mechanical friction,mechanical vibration and so on is discussed.
作者
王义旭
苗娜
荆根强
陈南
刘璐
Wang Yixu;Miao Na;Jing Genqiang;Chen Nan;Liu Lu(Research Institute of Highway Ministry of Transport, Beijing 100088, China)
出处
《仪器仪表学报》
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2018年第1期42-48,共7页
Chinese Journal of Scientific Instrument
关键词
摆式摩擦系数测定仪
摩擦系数
误差
pendulum friction coefficient tester
friction coefficient
error
