摘要
目的分析甘肃省2010-2016年度流感流行特征，为制定防控措施提供科学依据。方法通过中国流感监测信息系统收集甘肃省2010-2016年度流感病原学监测数据进行分析。采用χ^2检验比较不同年度、季节、人群及地区间流感病毒核酸检测阳性率及病原型别构成的差异。采用AreGIS10．2软件绘制地理分布图。结果2010-2016年度甘肃省共采集54795份流感样病例标本，流感病毒核酸阳性率为14．77％（8091／54795），病原型别以A（H1N1）pdm09型、A（H3N2）型和B型为主，占所有阳性标本的98．89以8001／8091）o各年度阳性率差异有统计学意3Z（χ^2=289．68，P〈0．01），其中2015-2016年度最高（19．00％，2529／13309），流感流行强度呈典型的年度单峰型分布，流行高峰在每年12月至次年1月之间。不同年龄组阳性率及病原型别构成差异有统计学意义（χ^2值分别为589．06和173．53，P值均小于0．01），其中5-14岁组阳性率最高（21．36％，2765／12942），且以B型流感病毒为主（51．02％，1401／2746）。不同地区阳性率及病原型别差异均有统计学意义（χ^2值分别为430．82和233．47，P值均小于0．01），其中定西市阳性率最高（20．25％，559／2761）。结论甘肃省适宜的流感疫苗预防接种时间应为每年10月份。学校是流感疫情防控的重点场所，提倡加强对5-14岁儿童的流感疫苗预防接种。
Objective To analyze the epidemic dynamics and distribution characteristics of influenza in Gansu province, so as to provide scientific basis for formulating prevention and control strategy. Methods Etiological surveillance data of influenza in Gansu province from 2010 to 2016 were collected through the Chinese Influenza Surveillance Information System. The difference in the positive rates of viral nucleic acid and type constitution of influenza in different years, seasons, populations and regions were compared by Chi-square test. The geographic distribution maps were drawn by ArcGIS 10.2. Results A total of 54 795 samples of influenza-like illness were collected in Gansu province from 2010 to 2016, the positive detection rate of influenza virus nucleic acid was 14.77% （8 091/54 795）. The main types of influenza virus were A（H1N1）pdm09, A（H3N2） and B, accounting for 98.89% （8 001/8 091） of all positive specimens. The statistical difference of positve rates existed among each surveillance year （χ^2=289.68, P〈0.01）, and the highest was in 2015-2016 （19.00%, 2 529/13 309）. The influenza epidemic intensity showed a typical annual single-peak distribution in December to the next January. For positive detection rate of influenza virus and pathogen type composition, there were statistically significant differences among age groups （the Chi-square values were 589.06 and 173.53, respectively, and both P values were less than 0.01）. The positive rate was the highest in the 5-14 years old group （21.36%, 2 765/12 942）, and influenza B virus was predominant in this group （51.02%, 1 401/2 746）. Both influenza positive rate and pathogen type composition had statistically significant differences in different regions （the Chi-square values were 430.82 and 233.47, respectively, and both P values were less than 0.01）. The positive rate was the highest in Dingxi city （20.25%, 559/2 761）. Conclusions Annual influenza vaccination campaigns should start in October to provide effective protection during the epidemic period. School was the key sites of influenza epidemic prevention and control. Influenza vaccination for 5-14 years old group would be helpful to the prevention and control of influenza.
作者
杨筱婷
何健
苟发香
于德山
成瑶
刘海霞
刘新凤
Yang Xiaoting;He Jian;Gou Faxiang;Yu Deshan;Cheng Yao;Liu Haixia;Liu Xinfeng.(Division of Infectious Disease, Gansu Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Lanzhou 730000, Chin)
出处
《国际病毒学杂志》
2018年第3期159-164,共6页
International Journal of Virology
基金
甘肃省卫生行业科研管理项目（GWGL2014-83）
国家科技重大专项（2017ZX10103006）
关键词
流感
病原
疾病流行
季节性
Influenza
Pathogen
Epidemics
Seasonality
