摘要
【目的】对扬州地区主栽的5个抗性较强的海棠品种果实品质进行分析及评价,为进一步开发海棠果实的应用价值提供科学依据。【方法】采用X-Rite SP64型色差仪、分析天平、游标卡尺、PR-101α全糖仪、蒽酮比色法等测定金丰收、红珠宝、红哨兵、冬金和冬红5个海棠品种果实的外观和内在品质,并应用相关性分析及合理—满意度和多维价值理论的合并规则,对其果实的色度值(L*,a*,b*)、单果重、果梗长和粗、果实横径和纵径、果皮及果肉硬度、可溶性糖含量、可滴定酸含量、维生素C含量、可溶性固形物含量、固酸比、糖酸比等16个指标进行对比分析和综合评价。【结果】5个海棠品种果实品质相差明显,金丰收海棠果实颜色最亮,冬红海棠果实颜色最暗;红哨兵海棠单果重及果实橫、纵径最大,果梗粗,果实硬度小;红珠宝海棠单果重及果实橫、纵径最小,果梗较细,果实硬度大;冬红海棠果实可溶性糖和维生素C含量最高,可溶性固形物含量最低;红珠宝海棠果实可滴定酸含量最高,可溶性糖含量及糖酸比和固酸比均最低;红哨兵海棠果实可滴定酸和维生素C含量最低,可溶性固形物含量及糖酸比和固酸比均最高。16个品质指标的部分指标间存在极显著(P<0.01)或显著(P<0.05)正相关和负相关;合成合理—满意度排序为金丰收>红珠宝>红哨兵>冬金>冬红。【结论】5个海棠品种果实品质差异明显,从内在品质来看,红哨兵和冬红果实更适合于鲜食或产品加工,金丰收、红珠宝和冬金果实可用于园林观赏;从最终满意度来看,金丰收、红珠宝和红哨兵整体性状最佳,适于扩大面积栽植。
【Objective】Fruit quality of five crabapple（Malus spp.）cultivars with high resistance mainly cultivated in Yangzhou was studied to provide scientific reference for further developing the application value of crabapple fruits.【Method】The fruit appearance and intrinsic quality of five crabapple cultivars（M. harvest gold,M. red jewel,M. red sentinel,M. winter red,M. winter gold） were determined by X-Rite SP64 color difference meter,analytical balance,vernier caliper,PR-101α whole sugar meter and anthrone colorimetric method. Correlation analysis,reasonality-satisfaction and multidimensional value theory were combined to make comparative analysis and comprehensive evaluation on 16 indexes of crabapple fruits： chroma value（L＊,a＊,b＊）,single fruit weight,pedicel length,pedicel diameter,fruit transverse diameter,fruit vertical diameter,pericarp hardness,flesh firmness,soluble sugar content,titratable acid content,vitamin C content,soluble solids content,solid acid ratio and sugar acid ratio.【Result】There were great differences in the fruit quality of the five crabapple cultivars. Fruit color of M. harvest gold was the brightest,while that of M. winter red was the darkest;M. red sentinel showed the heaviest single fruit weight,longest fruit transverse and longitudinal diameter,thick fruit stalk and low fruit firmness;M. red jewel had the lowest single fruit weight and the smallest fruit transverse and vertical diameters,thin fruit stalk and low fruit firmness. The content of soluble sugar and vitamin C in fruit of M. winter red was the highest,the content of soluble solids was the lowest. M. red jewel had the highest titratable acid content and the lowest soluble sugar content,sugar acid ratio and solid acid ratio. M. red sentinel fruit had the lowest content of titratable acid and vitamin C content and the highest soluble solid,sugar acid ratio and solid acid ratio. Among the five crabapple cultivars,the overall index of M. red sentinel was the most stable. There were extremely significant（P〈0.01）or significant（P〈0.05）positive and negative correlations between some of the 16 quality indexes. The order of reasonality-satisfaction value was followed：M. harvest gold〉M. red jewel〉M. red sentinel〉M. winter gold〉M. winter red.【Conclusion】The fruit quality difference of 5 five crabapple cultivars is significant. In terms of internal quality,M. red sentinel,M. winter red fruits are suitable for fresh food or product processing,M. harvest gold,M. red jewel,M. winter gold fruits can be used for gardening.In terms of overall satisfaction,M. harvest gold,M. red jewel,M. red sentinel have the best traits in general and are suitable for expanding the planted area.
作者
穆茜
张丹丹
李千惠
姜文龙
武启飞
张往祥
MU Qian;ZHANG Dan-dan;LI Qian-hui;JIANGWen-long;WU Qi-fei;ZHANGWang-xiang(College of Forestry,Nanjing Forestry University/Co-innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China,Nanjing 210037,China;Yangzhou Crabapple Horticulture Co.,Ltd.,Yangzhou,Jiangsu 225200,China)
出处
《南方农业学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2018年第5期971-978,共8页
Journal of Southern Agriculture
基金
江苏省科技项目(BE2016388)
江苏省农业科技自主创新资金项目(CX[16]1005-4-1)
关键词
海棠
果实品质
相关性分析
合理—满意度多维价值理论
crabapple（Malus spp.）；fruit quality；correlation analysis；reasonality-satisfaction multidimensionalvalue theory
