摘要
政府对战略性新兴产业的补贴时,补贴门槛的变化既会对微观企业的质量升级激励产生直接影响,同时也会改变产业内部的竞争强度,进而对补贴效果产生间接影响。本文通过建立一个基于纵向质量差异的双寡头竞争模型,分析了政府调整补贴门槛对产业发展和社会福利的影响。研究结论显示,当战略性新兴产业中企业之间存在较大成本差距时,降低补贴门槛能够有效缓解企业的"质量升级惰性",提高整个行业的产品质量水平。在降低补贴门槛的过程中,不同的生产者和消费者会受到差异化的影响。具体来说,优势企业利润下降的同时,劣势企业的利润变化存在不确定性,但是行业总体利润会严格下降;除了质量偏好最低的那部分消费者福利不变,其他消费者都会严格获益,并且消费者总剩余严格提升。总体来看,消费者剩余的增进要高于生产者剩余的损失,因此社会总福利在补贴门槛下降的过程中严格提高。最后,本文还发现在政府监管效率较低时,调整补贴门槛的政策效果会存在很高的不确定性。
When the government subsidizes some strategic emerging industries,the change of subsidy threshold not only directly influences firms＇ quality-improving incentive,but also changes the overall competition level within the industry,thus indirectly influence the effectiveness of subsidy. This paper uses a model of duopoly competition based on vertical product differentiation of quality to analyze how the adjustment of the subsidy threshold will affect the development of strategic emerging industry and total social welfare. We found that decreasing subsidy threshold will mitigate the firm＇s inertia on quality-improving and increase the quality level of the whole industry,when there exists a significant cost gap between firms. Lowering subsidy threshold will also cause differentiated impacts on both firms and consumers. To be precise,the firm with cost advantage will suffer from a decreased profit but the cost disadvantage firm may either benefit or suffer from the adjustment. But the total in-dustrial profit is always lower. All the consumers except those with lowest quality preference will be better off and total consumer surplus is increased. As a whole,the increase of consumer surplus is larger than the decrease of producer surplus,therefore the social welfare is improved with a lowered subsidy threshold. At last,we also found that adjustment of subsidy threshold will lead to highly uncertain welfare results in case of low efficiency of government regulation.
作者
王宇
汤家红
江静
WANG Yu;TANG Jiahong;JIANG Jing(Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093)
出处
《中国经济问题》
CSSCI
北大核心
2018年第4期38-50,共13页
China Economic Studies
基金
教育部人文社会科学研究青年基金项目(15YJC790112)
国家社科基金一般项目(16BJL035)
江苏省社科基金重大项目(15ZD004)的资助
关键词
质量竞争
成本差距
社会福利
quality competition
cost gap
social welfare
