摘要
为探索四川盆地裸土起尘中颗粒物及重金属的赋存特性,构建了"阳离子型污染物土壤表层运移行为研究系统",在系统模拟风速条件下进行裸土起尘试验,分析了起尘中各级粒径颗粒物的质量浓度、地面尘的沉降量随纵向的分布特征,并重点分析了起尘中颗粒物的尺寸效应与重金属含量、矿物组成的变化关系。结果表明:四川盆地裸土起尘初期1~5h内,颗粒物的浓度较高,污染较为严重;距起尘源1~2m区域内降尘质量最多,占地面尘总量的30%左右;铅(Pb)、铬(Cr)和砷(As)3种重金属元素在不同粒径颗粒物中的浓度水平具有明显的差异,在试验粒径范围内随着颗粒物粒径的减小,3种重金属元素的含量增加,呈现负相关关系;各级粒径颗粒物中矿物组成基本相同,主要由伊利石、石英、钠长石、绿泥石、方解石5种矿物组成,但颗粒物的粒径越细,黏土矿物(伊利石+绿泥石)的含量越多,对重金属离子的吸附能力越强。
In order to explore the characteristics of dust and heavy metal occurrence in bare soil under wind conditions,this paper establishes a system of study on the migration behavior of cationic pollutants in the surface soil.The paper carries out the bare soil dust test under the condition of simulating wind speed,and analyzes the distribution characteristics of the concentration of particulate matter with different particle sizes in the dust and the settling weight of ground dust with longitudinal variation.The paper also analyzes the changes of heavy metal content and mineral composition.The results show that the concentration of particulate matter is higher in the initial 1-5 h,so the pollution is serious.The amount of dust in the area away from the dust source 1-2 mis the most,accounting for about 30% of the total amount of surface dust.The concentrations of lead（Pb）,chromium（Cr）and arsenic（As）are significantly different in different particle size of particulate matter and increase with the decrease of particle size,showing negative correlation.The mineral composition of the particles with different particle size is basically the same and mainly composed of illite,quartz,albite,chlorite and calcite.However,with the finer of particle size,the more the content of clay minerals（illite＋ chlorite）,the stronger the adsorption ability of heavy metals.
作者
王岩
代群威
何思祺
闵世杰
邓远明
王可
黄云碧
WANG Yan;DAI Qunwei;HE Siqi;MIN Shijie;DENG Yuanming;WANG Ke;HUANG Yunbi(School of Environment and Resource,Southwest University of Science and Technology,Mianyang 621010,China;Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province Auto Control Technologyof Environment Engineering,Mianyang 621010,China)
出处
《安全与环境工程》
CAS
北大核心
2018年第4期58-63,共6页
Safety and Environmental Engineering
基金
国家自然科学基金重点项目(41130746)
四川省科技厅应用基础研究重点项目(2016JY0213)
四川省科技创新苗子工程项目(2016100)
关键词
裸土
起尘
颗粒物
重金属
矿物组成
赋存特性
四川盆地
bare soil
dust
particulate matter
heavy metal
mineral composition
occurrence characteristic
Sichuan Basin
