摘要
目的通过对2013年-2015年沈阳市4所综合医院开展三次医院感染现患率调查工作,描述医院感染分布情况,分析医院感染的流行病学特征,为制定预防和控制医院感染措施和进一步研究提供依据。方法于2013年12月18日、2014年12月17日、2015年12月16日在四所医院开展医院感染现患率调查工作,每所医院均按照50张病床配备一名调查员的比例从本院各临床科室抽调主治医师以上医生参加调查工作,调查当日各组均采用床旁调查与查阅病历相结合的方法,同时填写床旁调查表和个案调查表,应用SPSS20.0进行数据处理。结果本次调查应查病例14987例,实查病例14883例,实查率为99.31%;3年共发现医院感染392例,426例次,医院感染现患率为2.63%,感染例次率为2.86%;医院感染部位排名占前三位的依次为下呼吸道、上呼吸道、泌尿道;医院感染病原菌分布中革兰阴性菌中排名前三位的是铜绿假单胞菌、鲍氏不动杆菌、大肠埃希菌,革兰阳性菌排名前三位的是金黄色葡萄球菌、凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌、肠球菌属;抗菌药物使用率为37.04%。结论以连续三年的医院感染现患率调查资料为证据,为调整医院感染控制策略,开展针对性、前瞻性的目标性监测提供科学依据,对降低医院感染率具有重要意义。
OBJECTIVE To conduct the survey of prevalence rates of nosocomial infections in 4 general hospitals of Shenyang for three times between 2013 and 2015,describe the distribution of nosocomial infections and analyze the epidemiological characteristics of the nosocomial infections so as to put forward the prevention and control measures and provide basis for further study.METHODS The survey of prevalence rates of nosocomial infections was conducted in 4 hospitals on Dec 18,2013,Dec 17,2014 and Dec 16,2015.The doctors with the title higher than attending physicians were transferred from clinical departments for the survey according to the proportion that every 50 beds of each hospital was equipped with one investigator,the bedside survey combined with review of medical records was adopted in each group on the survey day,the bedside questionnaires and case survey forms were filled out,and the statistical analysis was performed with the use of SPSS20.0 software.RESULTS Totally 14987 patients were supposed to be investigated,and 14883 patients were actually investigated,with the actual investigation rate 99.31%.Totally 392（426 case-times）patients had nosocomial infections in the 3 years,with the prevalence rate of nosocomial infections 2.63%）,the case-time infection rate 2.86%.The lower respiratory tract,upper respiratory tract and urinary tract ranked the top 3 nosocomial infection sites.Pseudomonas aeruginosa,Acinetobacter baumannii and Escherichia coli ranked the top 3 species of gram-negative bacteria among the pathogens causing the nosocomial infections;Staphylococcus aureus,coagulase-negative Staphylococcus and Enterococcus ranked the top 3 species of gram-positive bacteria.The utilization rate of antibiotics was 37.04%.is of great significance to set the data of survey of the prevalence rates in 3 consecutive years and as CONCLUSIONIt provide scientific basis for adjustment of control strategies and conduct of targeted,prospective targeted monitoring so as to reduce the incidence of nosocomial infections.
作者
商丽妍
吴菲
李海峰
魏荣
李丹
方光
SHANG Li-yan;WU Fei;LI Hai-feng;WEI Rong;LI Dan;FANG Guang(Center of Hospital Affiliated to Shenyang Medical College,Shenyang,Liaoning 110024,China)
出处
《中华医院感染学杂志》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2018年第13期2049-2052,共4页
Chinese Journal of Nosocomiology
基金
沈阳医学院科技基金资助项目(20151024)
关键词
医院感染
现患率
病原菌
Nosocomial infection
Prevalence rater Pathogen
