摘要
【目的】明确天然赤松次生林中昆嵛山腮扁叶蜂虫口密度与森林空间结构之间的相关性,探索利用空间结构指标调控森林害虫的生态控制技术。【方法】在昆嵛山天然麻栎-赤松次生混交林中设置面积为6 hm2的样地,测定昆嵛山腮扁叶蜂寄主赤松、黑松、多脂松的空间结构指标树种角尺度、大小比数、混交度和虫口密度,分析各指标与虫口密度之间的关联性。对每株样木分别从上、中、下层,东、南、西、北4个方向统计虫巢数量,以虫巢数的3倍作为株虫口密度。【结果】赤松上昆嵛山腮扁叶蜂虫口密度与角尺度呈显著正相关(R^2=0.821,P=0.034),与胸径大小比数(R^2=0.903、P=0.013)和树高大小比数(R^2=0.906、P=0.013)均呈显著负相关,与混交度相关性不显著(R^2=0.177、P=0.481);黑松上昆嵛山腮扁叶蜂虫口密度与角尺度呈显著正相关(R^2=0.858,P=0.024),与胸径大小比数(R^2=0.043、P=0.739)、树高大小比数(R^2=0.237、P=0.406)均呈负向相关关系,但相关性不显著,与混交度相关性也不显著(R^2=0.251、P=0.390);多脂松上昆嵛山腮扁叶蜂虫口密度与角尺度(R^2=0.032、P=0.772)、胸径大小比数(R^2=0.180、P=0.447)、树高大小比数(R^2=0.194、P=0.458)、混交度(R^2=0.653、P=0.098)等各空间结构指标均无显著相关性。3个树种中,赤松和黑松的虫口密度与空间结构的相关性强于多脂松;不同空间结构指标相比较,虫口密度与角尺度和大小比数的相关性强于角尺度。【结论】空间结构指标角尺度和树种大小比数对昆嵛山腮扁叶蜂的生态调控作用优于混交度。森林经营实践中可以充分利用昆嵛山腮扁叶蜂虫口密度与空间结构指标之间的关系,通过尽量降低角尺度即营造均匀的松属树种林分以提高对虫害的抵御能力,同时尽量提高树种大小比数即改善林木生长状况以抑制昆嵛山腮扁叶蜂的发生。
【Objective】This study aimed to ascertain the correlation between forest spatial structure and population density of Cephalcia kunyushanica（Hymenoptera： Pamphiliidae）（abbreviated as ＂Ck＂below） in a natural secondary Japanese Red Pine（Pinus densiflora） forest in Kunyu Mountain,and to explore ecological techniques by regulating forest spatial structure for controlling Ck,provide academic direction for ecological control of the forest pest.【Method】In this study,a six-hectares sample plot was set in Kunyu Mountain natural secondary German oak Red pine mixed forest,in which mingling degree index,neighborhood comparison index and uniform angle index were selected to analyze their relations with the population density of Ck. 【Result】Results showed that there was a positive correlation between the population density of Ck and the uniform angle index of P. densiflora forest in Kunyu Mountain（R2= 0. 821; P =0. 034）,and the population density was negatively correlated with both the neighborhood comparison index of diameter at breast height（R2= 0. 903; P = 0. 013） and of tree height（R2= 0. 906; P = 0. 013）,but no significant correlation was found between the population density with the mingling degree index（R2= 0. 177; P = 0. 481）. On P. thunbergii forest,the population density of Ck was positively correlated with the uniform angle index significantly（R2= 0. 858;P = 0. 024）,but there was no significant correlation between the population density of Ck with neighborhood comparison index of diameter at breast height（R2= 0. 043; P = 0. 739）,neighborhood comparison index of tree height（R2= 0. 237;P = 0. 406）,and mingling uniform index（R2= 0. 251; P = 0. 390）. On P. resinosa the linear relationships between the population density of Ck with all the forest spatial structure indexes were not significant,including uniform angle index（R2= 0. 032; P = 0. 772）,neighborhood comparison index of diameter at breast height（R2= 0. 180; P = 0. 447） and of tree height（R2= 0. 194; P = 0. 458）,and mingling index（R2= 0. 653; P = 0. 098）. Among the three species,the correlation between the population density of Ck with forest spatial structure indexes of P. densiflora or P. thunbergii was stronger than that with P. resinosa. In terms of spatial structure,the uniform angle index and neighborhood comparison index were better than mingling degree index.【Conclusion】The ecological regulation function of uniform angle index and neighborhood comparison index were better than that of mingling degree index for Ck population density. The relationship between forest spatial structures and population density of Ck can be utilized for forest management. The occurrence of the pest can be reduced by afforesting uniform forest of pine tree species to improve its resistant ability to Ck,and by reducing index of neighborhood comparison,that is,by improving forest growth condition.
作者
黄咏槐
梁军
马琳
张英军
朱彦鹏
胡瑞瑞
苑晓雯
张星耀
Huang Yonghuai;Liang Jun;Ma Lin;Zhang Yingjun;Zhu Yanpeng;Hu Ruirui;Yuan Xiaowen;Zhang Xingyao(Research Institute of Forest Ecology,Environment and Protection,Chinese Academy of Forestry Key Laboratory of Forest Protection of State Forestry Administration Beijing 100091;Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Silviculture,Protection and Utilization Guangdong Academy of Forestry Guangzhou 510520;Kunyushan Forest Farm of Yantai,Shandong Province Yantai 264100)
出处
《林业科学》
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2018年第7期84-90,共7页
Scientia Silvae Sinicae
基金
国家重点研发计划课题(2016YFC1201205)
国家自然科学基金项目(31270682)
山东昆嵛山森林生态系统国家定位观测研究站运行补助(2017-LYPT-DW-121)
关键词
昆嵛山腮扁叶蜂
虫口密度
角尺度
大小比数
混交度
Cephalcia kunyushanica
population density
uniform angle
neighborhood comparison
mingling degree
