摘要
【目的】为提高荒漠沙地植被的存活率和覆盖度,本文以毛乌素沙地西南缘的沙木蓼为研究对象,通过施用鲜海带生物酶解有机液肥,研究其对沙地土壤理化性质和沙木蓼生长及群落物种多样性的影响。【方法】采用不同梯度的鲜海带生物酶解有机液肥对沙木蓼进行1年的试验,利用土壤水分测定仪测量土壤含水率,凯氏定氮法测定土壤全氮含量,重铬酸钾滴定法测定土壤有机质含量,公式法计算群落物种多样性。【结果】(1)该有机液肥有效地增加了土壤0~10 cm层的含水率,且施用冲施肥研究区的土壤含水率较叶面肥研究区的高10.6%。(2)土壤0~20 cm层的全氮和有机质的含量随着施肥量的增加而增加,并在施肥量为15 mL/m^2时,达到最高,与对照间差异显著(P<0.05),且叶面肥处理的有机质含量远高于冲施肥。(3)该有机液肥有效地促进了沙木蓼的生长,沙木蓼地径、株高和新梢增长量均随着施肥量增加而呈先增加后减小的趋势,在施肥量为6 mL/m^2时达到最大,与对照差异显著(P<0.05),且冲施肥的效果要比叶面肥更优。(4)该有机液肥增加了沙木蓼群落的物种组成、Margalef物种丰富度指数、Simpson优势度指数和Shannon-Wiener多样性指数。【结论】鲜海带生物酶解有机液肥能够增加毛乌素沙地土壤水分与养分的含量,促进沙木蓼的生长,有助于毛乌素沙地植被的恢复,更好地发挥其生态效益。
[Objective] In order to improve the survival rate and coverage of desert vegetation,a field experiment by adding fresh seaweed bio-enzymatic liquid organic fertilizer on the Atraphaxis bracteata located in the southwest of Mu Us Desert,Ningxia of northwestern China,was carried out to study its effect on soil physicochemical properties,growth and community species diversity of Atraphaxis bracteata in desert ecosystems. [Method] Using a different gradient of fresh seaweed bio-enzymatic organic fertilizer to conduct a one-year test on Atraphaxis bracteata,the soil moisture was measured by soil moisture meter,soil total nitrogen was measured by Kjeldahl method,soil organic matter was measuredby potassium dichromate titration,and species diversity was calculated by formula method. [Result]（ 1） Fresh seaweed biological enzyme liquid organic fertilizer can increase soil moisture content in 0-10 cm layer effectively,and the soil moisture content of flush fertilization was 10. 6% higher than that of foliar fertilizer application area.（ 2） The content of soil total nitrogen and organic matter in 0-20 cm layer increased with the increase of fertilizing amount and reached peak value when the fertilizing amount was 15 m L/m2,and there was significant difference compared with control（ P〈0. 05）. The content of organic matter treated with foliar fertilizer was much higher than that of flush fertilizer.（ 3） The fresh liquid organic fertilizer promoted the growth of Atraphaxis bracteata effectively,the growth of its ground diameter,plant height and new shoot all increased first and then decreased with the increase of fertilizing amount,and reached peak value when the fertilizing amount was 6 m L/m2,and there was significant difference compared with control（ P〈0. 05）. The effect of flush fertilization was better than foliar fertilizer.（ 4） The fresh seaweed bio-enzymatic liquid organic fertilizer increased the species composition,Margalef species richness index,Simpson dominance index and Shannon-Wiener diversity index of Atraphaxis bracteata. [Conclusion] Fresh seaweed bio-enzymatic liquid organic fertilizer can increase the content of soil moisture and nutrients in Mu Us Desert,promote the growth of Atraphaxis bracteata,contributes to the restoration of vegetation in Mu Us Desert,and then the vegetation can give better play to the ecological benefits.
作者
李惋瑾
王若水
肖辉杰
王百田
张克斌
刘青青
郭冰寒
Li Wanjin;Wang Ruoshui;Xiao Huijie;Wang Baitian;Zhang Kebin;Liu Qingqing;Guo Binghan(School of Soil and Water Conservation,Beijing Forestry University,Beijing 100083,China;Yanchi Ecology Research Station of the Mu Us Desert,Beijing 100083,China)
出处
《北京林业大学学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2018年第7期62-72,共11页
Journal of Beijing Forestry University
基金
林业公益性行业科研专项(201504402-3)
基于荒漠化防治和盐碱地改良的海藻肥施用技术(2016HXFWSBXY002)
国家人力资源和社会保障部留学人员科技活动项目择优资助项目
关键词
土壤含水率
土壤全氮
土壤有机质
物种丰富度
物种多样性
soil moisture content
soil total nitrogen
soil organic matter
species richness
speciesdiversity
