摘要
针对湖岸和湖底进行了硬化处理的景观水,采用盆栽的方法进行沉水植物种植,并与种植池内的挺水植物配植来抑制藻类水华的暴发。野外实验选择在玉渊潭公园的北门和新建小湖进行,种植的沉水植物有穗花狐尾藻(Myriophyllum spicatum)、大茨藻(Najas marina)和小茨藻(Najas minor),挺水植物有菖蒲(Acorus calamus)、水葱(Scirpus validus)、千屈菜(Lythrum salicaria)、再力花(Thalia dealbata)和荷花(Lotus)。结果表明,在2016年采取水生植物生态修复后,北门、新建小湖的叶绿素a浓度总体低于未进行水生植物修复的东西湖,尤其是在8月,东西湖叶绿素a高达131.8μg/L时,北门和新建小湖的叶绿素a分别为45.4、28.6μg/L。与东西湖相比,只种植挺水植物的引水湖的叶绿素a有时会低于东西湖,但抑藻效果不稳定。4个湖水的COD、TN和TP处于《地表水环境质量标准》(GB 3838—2002)的Ⅳ至Ⅴ类,修复后改善不明显,但水体透明度显著提高。湖水的三维荧光测定结果显示,只有种植沉水植物的湖水在激发波长(Ex)/发射波长(Em)=255nm/410nm附近出现荧光峰,显示沉水植物在藻华抑制中发挥了主要作用。
In order to prevent the microalgae blooms in the landscape water with the shore and bottom cemented,the submerged hydrophyte was planted in the pots and arranged together with the emerged hydrophyte in the planting tank.The field study was conducted in Beimen and Xinjian Lake in Yuyuantan Park.The submerged hydrophyte included Myriophyllum spicatum,Najas marina and Najas minor and emerged hydrophyte included Acorus calamus,Scirpus validus,Lythrum salicaria,Thalia dealbata and Lotus.The results showed that the Chla concentrations of Beimen and Xinjian Lake after hydrophyte remediation in 2016 were generally much lower than those of Dongxi Lake without the hydrophyte remediation.Especially in August,when the Chla concentrations of Dongxi Lake reached 131.8μg/L,the Chla concentrations of the two lakes were only 45.4 and 28.6μg/L,respectively.The Chla concentration of Yingshui Lake with only emerged hydrophyte was sometimes lower than that of Dongxi Lake,but the inhibition effects was unstable.The concentrations of COD,TN and TP in the four lakes were between the levelⅣ andⅤ of＂Surface water environmental quality standards＂（GB 3838-2002）.The hydrophyte remediation didn＇t improve the water quality,but increased the water transparency obviously.The three dimensional fluorescence spectra of waters from the lakes with submerged hydrophyte showed that there appeared peaks around excitation wavelength（Ex）/emisssion wavelength（Em）=255 nm/410 nm,indicating that the submerged hydrophyte played an important role in bloom controls.
作者
王占深
赵伊茜
黎超
尹航
耿勇波
梁文艳
WANG Zhanshen;ZHAO Yixi;LI Chao;YIN Hang;GENG Yongbo;LIANG Wenyan(College of Environraental Science Engineering,Beijing Forestry University,Beijing 100083;Beijing Yuyuantan Park Administrative Office,Beijing 100142)
出处
《环境污染与防治》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2018年第6期627-633,638,共8页
Environmental Pollution & Control
基金
国家自然科学基金资助项目(No.51672028)
中央高校基本科研业务费专项(No.2015ZCQ-HJ-02)
关键词
景观水体
藻类
水华
水生植物
沉水植物
生态修复
landscape water
microalgae
bloom
hydrophyte
submerged hydrophyte
ecological remediation
