摘要
[目的]培育出矮生、花色艳丽的紫薇品种。[方法]通过矮生性状优良、引种美国的矮首领系列(Lagerstroemia indica‘Little chief’)中的2个品种"矮生粉""矮生堇"与灌木紫薇品种"粉娇容""红火球""繁花似锦"进行杂交,并对杂交F_1果实形状、坐果率、结实率、发芽率、成苗率、花色、苗高、地径、分枝数、枝条长度等指标进行了分析。[结果]杂交后代蒴果全部呈椭圆形,果实颜色均为黑褐色,不同杂交组合果实大小不同;不同的杂交组合其坐果率、结实率有较大的差异,其中2号杂交组合的坐果率最高,坐果率为73.3%;1号、5号、8号、9号结实率达到了100%,7号杂交组合的结实率最低;杂交苗发芽率有一定的差异,其中以矮生亲本为母本的杂交组合出苗时间较早;以矮生亲本为父本的杂交组合成苗率高于以矮生亲本为母本的杂交组合;F_1代的花色变异较广泛,但大部分在父母本花色变异之间,亲本间花色相差较远的杂交组合,后代花色变异较大,有红火球作亲本的后代,不论作母本或是父本,都出现了复色花;不同杂交组合的F_1代在苗高、地径、分枝数、枝条长度上的变异不同,其中2号和5号杂交组合的矮化性状较好。[结论]分别从2号和5号杂交组合中选出了3个优良单株,为紫薇的新品种选育提供了育种材料。
[Objective] To cultivate the dwarf, colorful cultivars of crape myrtle.[Method] Two varieties Aishengfen and Aishengjin which belonged to Lagerstroemia indica ‘Little chief’ introduced from America with good dwarf characters were hybridized with varieties Fengjiaorong, Honghuoqiu and Fanhuasijin.The fruit shape,setting percentage, maturing rate, germination rate, planting percentage, color, seedling height,ground diameter, branch number and branch length of F 1 generation were analyzed. [Result]The capsules of the hybrid offspring were all oval, the color of the fruit were all black brown, and the size of the different hybrid combinations was different;There was great difference between fruit setting percentage and maturing rate in different combinations of hybrids.The fruit setting percentage of the No.2 hybrid combination was the highest and the fruit setting percentage was 73.3%;The maturing rates of No.1,No.5,No.8 and No.9 were 100%, and the maturing rate of the No.7 hybrid combination was the lowest;The germination rate of hybrid seedlings had some differences, the dwarf parent as the female parent of hybrid seedling earlier;The dwarf parent hybrid male parent seedling rate was higher than that of the dwarf parent as the female parent in crosses;The color variation of the F 1 generation was more extensive, but most of them were between the parents, hybrids with far difference in flower color between parents, the variation of flower color of offspring was larger,The offspring of ‘hong huoqiu’ as either male or female parent have complex flower;The variation of F 1 generation in different combinations was different in height, ground diameter, number of branches and length of branches, and the dwarfing characters of No. 2 and No.5 hybrid combinations were better. [Conclusion] Three excellent single plants were selected from the hybrid combination of No. 2 and No. 5, and the breeding materials were provided for the breeding of the new varieties of crape myrtle.
作者
许蕊
XU Rui(Flower Research Institute,Anyang Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Anyang, Henan 45500)
出处
《安徽农业科学》
CAS
2018年第18期47-51,共5页
Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences
基金
安阳市重大科技专项(142102110105)
关键词
紫薇
杂交
育种
F1代
性状
Crape myrtle；Hybridization；Breeding；F 1；Character
