摘要
精准医疗是根据个体基因特征、环境及生活习惯,为患者量身设计出的最佳治疗方案,以期达到治疗效果最大化和不良反应最小化的一种新型医疗模式。胃癌为消化道的常见肿瘤之一,其症状不典型,目前诊断及治疗现状不容乐观。因此,对胃癌进行精准诊断,并予以个体化、安全有效的干预措施对改善胃癌患者预后有重要意义。虽然目前肿瘤标志物已广泛应用于临床,但其敏感性和特异性较低,难以满足"精准医疗"的要求。随着分子生物学及医学诊断新技术的发展,未来一些新靶点(微RNA、环状RNA、循环肿瘤细胞)、新技术(病理人工智能、多层螺旋CT多平面重建)将逐步成熟并应用于胃癌诊断,从而为进一步提高胃癌患者的存活率提供新思路。
Precision medicine is a kind of up-to-date medical model which designs the best treatment plan for the patients according to individual gene characteristics,environment and lifestyle,in order to achieve the maximum effect of treatment and minimum adverse effect. Gastric carcinoma is one of the common cancers of the digestive tract. Its symptoms are atypical,and current diagnosis and treatment are not ideal. Therefore,accurate diagnosis of gastric cancer and individualized,safe and effective interventions are of great significance for improving the prognosis of patients with gastric cancer. At present,tumor markers have been widely used in clinical,but their sensitivity and specificity are low,which is difficult to meet the requirements of ＂ precision medical treatment＂. With the development of new technology in molecular biology and medical diagnosis,some new targets（ microRNA,circular RNA,circulating tumor cell） and new technologies（ pathological artificial intelligence,multiolanar reconstruction of multislice CT） will gradually get matured and applied to the diagnosis of gastric cancer,so as to provide new ideas for further improvement of the survival rate of gastric cancer patients.
作者
朱晓芸
于红刚
ZHU Xiaoyun;YU Honggang(Department of Gastroenterology,Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University,Wuhan 430060,China)
出处
《医学综述》
2018年第12期2339-2344,共6页
Medical Recapitulate
基金
国家自然科学基金(81272693)
关键词
胃癌
精准诊断
分子生物学
Gastric carcinoma
Precision diagnosis
Molecular biology
