摘要
目的:定量研究致石饲料致胆固醇结石动物模型的造模要素,为提高造模效率及评价药物有效性提供方法学参考。方法:选取1993—2016年期间研究致石饲料致胆固醇结石动物模型的文献,录入动物种别、致石饲料配方、成石率、测试指标、受试药物等重要信息,定量统计和分析造模要素。结果:常用豚鼠、小鼠、兔等动物;致石饲料常用胆固醇、脂肪等,其中豚鼠最常用的致石饲料配方为90.00%全价饲料、1%胆固醇、2%猪油、5%蔗糖和2%酪蛋白,连续喂养49 d,成石率平均为87.40%;小鼠最常用的配方为83.50%全价饲料、1%胆固醇、15%脂肪、0.5%胆酸,连续喂养45 d,成石率平均为89.48%;兔最常用的配方为98.80%全价饲料、1.2%胆固醇,连续喂养50 d,成石率平均为72.40%;犬喂食含0.3%胆固醇的致石饲料,连续42 d,成石率为100%;树鼩喂食含胆固醇20%、蔗糖20%、大油(猪油)15%、蛋黄20%、玉米粉25%的致石饲料,连续喂养42 d,成石率为100%;金黄地鼠喂食含葡萄糖74.3%、酪蛋白20%、食盐5%、维生素0.5%和氯化胆碱0.2%的致石饲料,连续21 d,成石率为50%。常测试的指标为,胆汁中TC、TBIL、LDL、BA、PL、HDL等,血清中TC、TG、TBIL、LDL、BA、HDL、CKK等。造模的同时给药,常用药物包括鹅去氧胆酸、熊去氧胆酸和中药复方,涉及甘草、大黄、白芍、金钱草、柴胡、茵陈等77种药材。结论:致石饲料常用于制造胆固醇结石动物模型,但配方及其成石率差异大、成本高、耗时长,中医药有利于肝胆系统功能恢复,防止成石性胆汁的产生,评价指标主要涵盖脂质、肝功能及胆道动力学等。
Objective： To conduct a quantitative study on the modeling factors of animal model of cholesterol gallstone induced by stone feed to provide references for improving the efficiency of modeling and evaluating the effectiveness of drugs. Methods： Literatures on animal models of cholesterol gallstone induced by stone feed published during 1993 to 2016 were collected, and the important information such as the animal species, the feed formulation, the rate of stone formation, the test indexes and the drugs were input. A quantitative statistics as well as an analysis of modeling elements were conducted. Results： The commonly used animals for test were guinea pigs, mice, rabbits and stone feed commonly adopted cholesterol and fat. One of the most commonly used feed formulation for guinea pigs was 90% complete feed, 1% cholesterol, 2% lard, 5% sucrose and 2% casein and after a 49-day continuous feeding, the stone formation rate was 87.40% The most commonly used formula for mice was 83.50% complete feed, 1% cholesterol, 15% fat, and 0.5% cholic acid. After a 45-day continuous feeding, the average rate of stone formation was about 89.48%. The most commonly used formula for rabbits was 98.80% complete feed, 1.2% cholesterol and after a 50-day continuous feeding, the average rate of stone formation was about 72.40%. Dogs fed with 0.3% cholesterol stone feed for 42 consecutive days showed a 100% stone formation rate. Tree shrews fed with 20% cholesterol, 20% sucrose, 15% lard （lard）, 20% egg, 25% corn flour for 42 days also showed a 100% rate of stone formation while the hamster glucose fed with 74.3% casein, 20%, salt 5%, vitamin 0.5% and 0.2% choline chloride lithogenic diet for 21 consecutive days showed a 50% stone formation rate. The indicators of the test included TC, TBIL, LDL, Ba, PL, HDL, etc and serum TC, TG, TBIL, LDL, Ba, HDL, CKK, etc. Drugs were given in the process of modeling and the commonly used drugs included chenodeoxycholic acid, ursodeoxycholic acid, and compound Chinese Medicine which contains 77 kinds of medicinal herbs such as Radix Glycyrrhizae, Radix et Rhizoma Rhei, Radix Paeoniae Alba, Herba Lysimachiae, Radix Bupleuri, Herba Artemisiae Scopariae and so on. Conclusion： Stone feed is generally used in the manufacture of cholesterol gallstone animal model, but the formulation and the rate of stone formation often vary with a high cost and a time-consuming process. Traditional Chinese medicine plays a positive role in recovering the functions of hepatobiliary systems and preventing cacocholia. The evaluation indexes mainly include lipid, liver function and biliary dynamics.
作者
张纯
徐晓娟
王张
邓蒂斯
李宛静
雒芙蓉
梁小青
张淼
Zhang Chun;Xu Xiaojuan;Wang Zhang;Deng Disi;Li Wanjing;Luo Furong;Llang Xlaoqmg;Zhang Miao(Clinical Medicine School,Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Chengdu 610073,China;College of Ethnomedicine,Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Chengdu 611137,China)
出处
《世界中医药》
CAS
2018年第5期1284-1290,共7页
World Chinese Medicine
