摘要
采用盆栽方法,设置5种氮素营养水平(N0、N1、N2、N3、N4,分别为0、2.5、5、10、15 mmol·L-1),以苗期菘蓝的生物量、光合参数、氮同化物含量、氮代谢酶活性、叶中靛蓝、靛玉红、总黄酮含量以及根中(R,S)-告依春含量等作为指标,研究氮营养对苗期菘蓝生长及活性成分的影响。结果表明:N0—N3处理组菘蓝的株高、主根直径及单株干重显著降低,根冠比增加。随着氮素水平降低,菘蓝叶片的叶绿素、类胡萝卜素含量以及净光合速率、蒸腾速率、气孔导度均呈逐渐降低趋势,胞间二氧化碳浓度呈升高趋势。低氮营养使菘蓝叶片中可溶性蛋白、硝态氮、游离氨基酸含量降低,抑制了硝酸还原酶活性、谷氨酰胺合成酶活性。N0—N2处理组菘蓝叶片中的靛玉红及总黄酮含量较高,靛蓝含量在氮素水平为0~10 mmol·L-1范围内随着氮水平的降低而减小,(R,S)-告依春含量在N0处理时显著低于其余处理。综合分析认为,较低的供氮水平显著影响苗期菘蓝的生长及部分生理指标,降低叶片中的靛蓝与根中的(R,S)-告依春含量,但促进叶中靛玉红及总黄酮的积累。综合考虑苗期菘蓝的生物量与活性成分含量,将氮素水平控制在10~15 mmol·L-1范围内,可以获得产量稳定、活性成分含量较高的药材。
To study the effects of nitrogen （N） nutrition on the growth and active components of Isatis indigoticaFort., five N levels （0, 2.5, 5, 10, 15 mmol·L^-1, designated as N0, N1, N2, N3, N4 respectively） were applied in a pot experiment in greenhouse. The growth characteristics, photosynthesis parameters, N assimilation contents, N metabolism enzyme activities, the contents of indigo, indirubin, and total flavonoid in leaves and epigoitrin content in roots were measured. The results showed that plant height, main root diameter, and dry biomass of I. indigotica seedlings significantly decreased and rootshoot ratio increased under N0-N3 treatments. With the decreases of N level, the chlorophyll content, carotenoid content, net photosynthetic rate, transpiration rate and stomatal conductance of leaves gradually decreased, while the intercellular carbon dioxide concentration increased. The contents of soluble protein, free amino acid, and nitric N in leaves were decreased, and nitrate reductase activity and glutamine synthase activity were inhibited under low N nutrition. The contents of indirubin and total flavonoid in leaves under N0-N2 treatments were at higher levels. In contrast, contents of indigo in leaves were decreased significantly under low N nutrition and epigoitrin contents in roots were the lowest at N0 treatment. In conclusion, the growth and partial physiological characteristics of I. indigotica seedlings were significantly influenced by low N levels. The contents of indigo in leaves and epigoitrin contents in roots were declined under low N levels, while the accumulations of indigo and total flavonoid were promoted. Considering the biomass and active component contents, the yield and active components will show good performance under the N application levels of 10-15 mmol·L^-1.
作者
关佳莉
王刚
陈曦
张梦蕊
缪雨静
唐晓清
GUAN Jia-li;WANG Gang;Chen Xi;ZHANG Meng-rui;MIAO Yu-jing;TANG Xiao-qing(College of Horticulture,Nanjing Agricultural University,Nanjing 210095,China）.)
出处
《生态学杂志》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2018年第8期2331-2338,共8页
Chinese Journal of Ecology
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(31171486)
南京农业大学校级大学生实践创新训练项目(1714A15)资助
关键词
菘蓝
氮营养
光合特性
氮代谢
活性成分
Isatis indigotica Fort.
nitrogen nutrition
photosynthetic characteristics
nitrogen metabolism
active component.
