摘要
目的比较分析盐碘含量调整后陕西省咸阳市和宁夏银川市碘缺乏病监测结果，为评价和调整碘缺乏病防治策略提供依据。方法2016年在咸阳市13个县（区）和银川市6个县（区），按照《全国碘盐监测方案》的要求进行抽样调查，比较分析碘缺乏病监测结果，主要指标包括盐碘含量、8-10岁儿童及孕妇尿碘含量、儿童甲状腺肿大（甲肿）率。盐碘含量按照《制盐工业通用试验方法碘的测定））（GB／T13025．7．2012）中直接滴定法检测，尿碘含量采用砷铈催化分光光度测定法（WS／T107-2006）检测，甲肿按《地方性甲状腺肿诊断标准》（wS276．2007）中B超法检查和判定。结果2016年咸阳市和银川市分别监测盐样3900、1800份，盐碘中位数分别为30．2、27．8mg／kg，咸阳市盐碘中位数高于银川市（Z=14．58，P〈0．05），非碘盐率（0．18％，7／3900）、不合格碘盐率（0．72％，28／3900）均低于银川市（0．56％，10／1800；1．50％，27／1800；x2=5．86、7．88，P均〈0．05），合格盐碘食用率（99．10％，3865／3900）高于银川市（97．94％，1763／1800，x2=13．24，P〈0．05）。咸阳市儿童尿碘中位数（247．75μg／L）高于银川市（223．70μg／L，Z=21．04，P〈0．05），尿碘〈100μg／L的构成比（11．92％，310／2600）低于银川市（15．08％，181／1200，X。=7．29，P〈0．05）。咸阳市孕妇尿碘中位数（176．86μg／L）低于银川市（187．70μg／L，Z=7．33，P〈0．05），尿碘〈150μg／L的构成比（32．00％，416／1300）低于银川市（38．50％，231／600，x2=7．72，P〈0．05）。咸阳市和银川市儿童甲肿率分别为1．94％（53／2730）、2．22％（28／1260），二者比较差异无统计学意义（x2=0．34，P〉0．05）。结论咸阳市和银川市碘缺乏病监测结果均符合国家消除碘缺乏病标准，但二者相比而言，银川市还应进一步加强儿童和孕妇碘营养水平监测，加强碘盐市场监管和健康教育工作。
Objective To compare the indexes related to monitoring of iodine deficiency disorders between Xianyang City of Shaanxi Province and Yinchuan City of Ningxia Autonomous Region in 2016 for providing a basis in evaluating control measures to iodine deficiency disorders. Methods In 2016, 13 counties （districts） in Xianyang City and 6 counties （districts） in Yinchuan City were conducted sample surveys in accordance with the requirements of the ＂National Iodine Salt Monitoring Program＂, and the surveillance results were analyzed. The main indicators included salt iodine content, urinary iodine content in children aged 8 - 10 and pregnant women and children＇s goiter rate. Salt iodine content was measured by direct titration according to the ＂Determination of Iodine in General Test Method for Salt Industry＂ （GB/T 13025.7-2012）. Urinary iodine content was determined using arsenic cerium catalytic speetrophotometry （WS/T 107-2006）. Children＇s goiter was determined by B-ultrasoundexamination based on the ＂National Diagnostic Criteria for Endemic Goiter＂ （WS 276-2007）. Results In 2016, Xianyang City and Yinchuan City had monitored 3 900 and 1 800 salt samples, respectively, the medians of salt iodine were 30.2 and 27.8 mg/kg, respectively. The median of salt iodine in Xianyang City was higher than that in Yinchuan City （Z = 14.58, P 〈 0.05）; non-iodized salt rate （0.18%, 7/3 900）, unqualified iodized salt rate （0.72%, 28/3 900） in Xianyang City were lower than those in Yinchuan City （0.56%, 10/1 800; 1.50%, 27/1 800; x2 = 5.86, 7.88, P 〈 0.05）, and qualified salt iodide consumption rate in Xianyang City （99.10%, 3 865/3 900） was higher than that in Yinchuan City （97.94%, 1 763/1 800, x2 = 13.24, P 〈 0.05）. The median of urinary iodine in children in Xianyang City （247.75 μg/L） was higher than that in Yinchuan City （223.70 μg/L, Z = 21.04, P 〈 0.05）, and the ratio of urinary iodine 〈 100 μg/L in Xianyang City （11.92%, 310/2 600） was lower than that in Yinchuan City （15.08%, 181/1 200, X2 = 7.29, P 〈 0.05）. The median of urinary iodine in pregnant women in Xianyang City （176.86 μg/L） was lower than that in Yinchuan City （187.70 μg/L, Z = 7.33, P 〈 0.05）, and the ratio of urinary iodine 〈 150 μg/L in Yinchuan City （38.50%, 231/600） was higher than that in Xianyang City （32.00%, 416/1 300, X2 = 7.72 ,P 〈 0.05）. The thyroid palpate swelling rates of children in Xianyang City and Yinchuan City were 1.94% （53/2 730） and 2.22% （28/1 260）, respectively, the rates between the two cities was not statistically significant （~2 = 0.34, P 〉 0.05）. Conclusions The monitoring indexes of iodine deficiency disorders in Xianyang City and Yinchuan City have reached the national standard for eliminating iodine deficiency disorders. In comparison, Yinchuan City should further strengthen the monitoring of iodine nutrition level in children and pregnant women, iodized salt market supervision and health education.
作者
陈平
陈阿丽
刘玉敏
杨培荣
Chen P;Chen AL;Liu YM;Yang PR(Office of Shaanxi Provincial Institute of Endemic Disease Control and Prevention,Xi＇an 710003,China;Department of Endemic Disease Control,Ningxia Centers for Diseases Prevention Control,Yinchuan 750004,Chin;Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery,the First People ~s Hospital of Yinchuan City,Ningxia,Yinchuan 750001,Chin;Department for Disinfection Management,Baoji City Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Baoji 721006,Chin)
出处
《中华地方病学杂志》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2018年第8期650-653,共4页
Chinese Journal of Endemiology
关键词
碘
尿
盐类
儿童
孕妇
监测
Iodine
Urine
Salts
Child
Pregnant women
Monitoring
