摘要
目的了解2008—2017年沈阳市手足口病重症病例的流行特点,为科学防控提供依据。方法用描述流行病学方法对2008年5月—2017年12月沈阳市手足口病重症病例资料进行分析。结果共报告病例65 959例,平均发病率为82.81/10万;其中重症176例,重症发生率为0.27%,死亡5例。7月为发病高峰。所有地区均有报告,发生率以康平县最高为1.11%;男118例,女58例,性别比为2.03∶1,男女重症发生率分别为0.30%和0.22%,差异有统计学意义(χ2=4.26,P<0.05);重症发生率以1岁人群最高,为0.53%,不同年龄重症发生率差异有统计学意义(χ2=41.33,P<0.01);176例重症病例中共有71例实验室检测阳性,占40.34%;EV71阳性率最高,为52.11%(37/71),但从2014年开始,其他肠道病毒阳性率增多,达到70%以上。10年间病毒型别差异有统计学意义(χ2=39.58,P<0.05);所有病例就诊为三级医院,从发病到诊断为重症手足口病时间间隔中位数为2天。结论农村和城乡交界处,3岁及以下,特别是男童是重症手足口病的高发人群。应特别关注其他肠道病毒感染,对防止重症和死亡病例的发生具有重要意义。
[Objective] To understand the epidemic characteristics of severe cases of hand-foot-mouth disease （HFMD） in Shenyang from 2008-2017, and provide the basis for scientific prevention and control. [Methods] The data of severe cases of HFMD in Shenyang from May 2008 to December 2017 were analyzed by descriptive epidemiological method. [Results] A total of 65 959 cases were reported, and the average incidence rate was 82.81/lakh. 176 cases were severe, the incidence rate of severe disease was 0.27%, and 5 cases died. July was the peak of the disease. All areas had reported the cases, the incidence rate of Kangping county was highest （1.11%）. 118 cases were male, 58 were female, male to female ratio was 2.03 ： 1. The incidence rate of severe cases were 0.30% （male） and 0.22% （female）, and the difference was statistically significant （x^2=4.26, P〈0.05 ）. The incidence rate of severe cases was highest in 1 year old group （0.53%）, the difference among different age group was statistically significant （x^2=41.33, P〈0.01 ）. 71 cases were positive in laboratory test among 176 severe cases, accounting for 40.34%. The positive rate of EVT1 was the highest, 52.11% （37/71）. From the beginning of 2014, the positive rate of other enteric viruses increased, reaching more than 70%. In the past 10 years, the difference of virus type was statistically significant （x^2=39.58, P〈0.05）. The cases all visited tertiary hospitals, and the median time interval from onset to diagnosis was 2 days. [Conclusion] In the countryside and the border between rural and urban areas, children under 3 years old, especially boys, are the risk population of severe HFMD. Special attention should be paid to other enterovirus infections, which has great significance to reduce severe and death cases.
作者
白杉
BAI Shah(Department of Early Warming,Shenyang Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Shenyang Liaoning,110031,China)
出处
《职业与健康》
CAS
2018年第15期2098-2101,共4页
Occupation and Health
关键词
手足口病
重症
流行病学特征
Hand-foot-mouth disease
Severe case
Epidemiological characteristics
