摘要
准确评价断陷盆地的典型种植模式,可为当地提供科学的种植指导.本研究运用能值分析的方法,对云南省蒙自市万寿菊种植模式、石榴种植模式、石榴+草+羊模式与传统的玉米种植模式进行对比,分析了这些石漠化治理模式的生态效益和经济效益.结果表明:石榴种植模式[环境负载率(ELR)为13.80,能值恢复率(ERR)为0.41]和万寿菊种植模式(ELR为0.30,ERR为-2.87)的生态效益低于传统的玉米种植模式(ELR为1.30,ERR为4.64),但是它们的单位净经济效益(EPBU)分别为玉米种植模式的3.05和59.98倍,说明前两者的经济效益都超过玉米模式;石榴+草+羊种植模式的生态经济效益最高.添加牧草+牲畜子系统到石榴种植模式能够使石榴+牧草+牲畜的种植模式同时拥有较高的生态效益(ELR为4.95,ERR为0.63)和经济效益(EPBU为玉米模式的71.38倍).建议当地政府增加对万寿菊模式和石榴+草+羊模式的技术支持,包括优化肥料投入结构、作物种植和牲畜养殖工艺;同时,政府可为果品和鲜花的采摘建立短期的劳务市场.
Accurate evaluation of typical cropping patterns in faulted basins can provide scientific guidance for planting in the area. The planting modes of marigold,pomegranate,pomegranate＋grass＋sheep in Mengzi City of Yunnan Province were compared with the traditional corn planting mode.The ecological benefits and economy benefits of these rocky desertification control modes were analyzed by the method of emergy analysis. The environmental loading ratio（ ELR） and emergy restoration ratio（ ERR） were 13.80 and 0.41 in pomegranate planting mode,respectively,while 0.30 and-2.87 in marigold planting mode. The ecological benefits in pomegranate planting mode and marigold planting mode were lower than that of corn,and ELR and ERR were 1.30 and 4.64,respectively. However,the economic pure benefit per unit（ EPBU） in pomegranate planting mode and marigold planting mode were 3. 05 and 59. 98 times of that in corn mode,respectively,indicating that pomegranate planting mode and marigold panting mode had higher economic benefits than that of corn. Pomegranate＋pasture＋sheep mode had the highest ecological and economic benefits among the four modes. The plus of forage＋livestock subsystem to pomegranate planting mode had high ecoefficiency（ ELR of 4.95,ERR of 0.63） and economic benefit（ EPBU of 71.38 times than that of corn）. Thus,we recommend that the local government should increase technical support for marigold planting mode and pomegranate＋pasture＋sheep mode,which including optimizing structures of fertilizer input,and crop cultivation and livestock breeding processes. Meanwhile,government could establish short-term labor markets for picking of fruits and flowers.
作者
邹志刚
张浩
曾昭霞
张建云
赵杰军
包松莲
曾馥平
ZOU Zhi-gang;ZHANG Hao;ZENG Zhao-xia;ZHANG Jian-yun;ZHAO Jie-jun;BAO Song-lian;ZENG Fu-ping(Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region,Institute of Subtropical Agriculture,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Changsha 410125,China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China;Huanjiang Observation and Research Station for Karst Ecosystem,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Huanjiang 547100,Guangxi,China;Research Institute of Resources Insect,Chinese Academy of Forestry,Kunming 650224,China）.)
出处
《应用生态学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2018年第8期2641-2650,共10页
Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology
基金
国家重点研发计划项目(2016YFC0502505)
国家科技支撑计划项目(2015BAD06B04)
中国科学院西部行动计划项目(KZCX2-XB3-10)和中国科学院"西部之光"人才培养项目资助~~
关键词
能值分析
石漠化控制
石榴
可持续发展
云南省
emery analysis
desertification control
pomegranate
sustainable development
Yunnan Province
