摘要
流域景观格局通过改变营养物质累积浓度空间分布而影响水质净化服务,探讨流域景观格局变化对水质净化服务的影响对于流域景观规划、生态系统保护和生态系统服务提升具有重要意义。以长江流域为研究区域,分析了两者变化特征及相关关系,结果表明:2000~2010年,长江上游农田减少0.92%、森林增加0.34%;中下游城镇增加6.87%、农田减少6.83%。景观配置变化中,流域各景观斑块复杂程度增加、景观聚集连通性降低、景观异质性增加;1 000 m河岸带中,各斑块大片聚集趋势更明显;流域水质净化服务量增强区域主要集中在上游的乌江水系、嘉陵江水系及宜宾至宜昌干流水系,最大增加10.5%,中下游大部分子流域水质净化服务下降,下降率最高达22.8%;景观配置中,景观聚集连通性降低、景观复杂程度增加和景观异质性的增加,都会削弱水质净化服务;子流域与河岸带景观格局变化解释水质净化服务空间变异的贡献率分别为29.4%和79.0%,表明河岸带景观格局的改变更能影响污染物的截留效率。
Landscape pattern influences water purification service by altering the spatial distribution of nutrient accumulation at the watershed scale. It is of great significance to explore the impacts of landscape patterns on water purification service for landscape planning,ecosystem protection and ecosystem service promotion. In this paper,the Yangtze River Basin was taken as the study target to analyze the relationship between landscape pattern changes and ecosystem water purification service by means of identification of the change characteristics of them. The results showed that from 2000 to 2010,the farmland areas decreased by0. 92% and the forest areas increased by 0. 34% in the upstream region,while the urban areas increased by 6. 87% and the farmland areas decreased by 6. 83% in the middle and lower reaches. With regard to the changes of landscape configuration,the complexity of landscape patches increased and the connectivity of the landscape aggregation decreased, while the landscape heterogeneity increased. In the 1 000 m riparian zone,the patches tended to be concentrated more obviously. The watershed water purification service enhanced areas were mainly located in the upper reaches of the Wujiang River system,the Jialing River system,and the Yibin-Yichang mainstream system,in which the maximum increase reached to 10. 5% in sub-watersheds.The water purification service decreased in most of the sub-watersheds in the middle and lower reaches,with the highest decline rate of 22. 8%. The reduction of landscape connectivity,the increase of landscape complexity,and the increase of landscape heterogeneity could weaken the water purification service. The contribution of sub-basin and riparian landscape patterns to the spatial variability of water purification services was 29. 4% and 79. 0% respectively,indicating that the change of riparian landscape pattern could affect the interception efficiency of pollutants,providing scientific basis for improvement of the ecosystem water purification service of the Yangtze River Basin by means of optimizing the landscape patterns of sub-basin and riparian zones.
作者
刘怡娜
孔令桥
肖燚
郑华
Liu Yina;KongLmgqiao;Xiao Yi;Zheng Hua(State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology,Research Center tor Eco-Emdromnental Sciences,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100085,China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China)
出处
《环境保护科学》
CAS
2018年第4期6-13,共8页
Environmental Protection Science
基金
国家重点研发计划项目(2016YFC0503401)
中国科学院科技服务网络计划项目(KFJ-STS-ZDTP-03)资助
关键词
景观格局
景观指数
水质净化服务
长江流域
Landscape Pattern
Landscape Pattern Index
Water Purification Service
the Yangtze River Basin
