摘要
目的分析合肥市蜀山区儿童疑似预防接种反应(AEFI)的发生情况,评价蜀山区儿童预防接种的安全性及AEFI监测运转情况。方法通过国家AEFI监测信息管理系统和安徽省预防接种信息系统收集蜀山区2014—2017年儿童AEFI病例个案和疫苗接种数据,采用描述性流行病学方法分析AEFI报告情况、病例特征、分类及临床表现等。结果蜀山区2014—2017年共报告AEFI病例386例,报告发病率为30.85/10万剂,呈逐年下降趋势(P<0.05)。男女AEFI报告发生率分别为31.54/10万剂和30.07/10万剂,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。1~<2岁组AEFI报告发生率最高,为39.44/10万剂;4~<5岁组最低,为4.91/10万剂。麻风疫苗(65.12/10万剂)、白破疫苗(53.76/10万剂)和AC群流脑结合疫苗(52.02/10万剂)等一类疫苗和23价肺炎多糖疫苗(107.99/10万剂)、DTa P-IPV/Hib联合疫苗(105.03/10万剂)、DTap-Hib联合疫苗(51.42/10万剂)等二类疫苗的AEFI报告发生率较高。AEFI以发热、红肿等一般反应为主(90.16%),多发生在接种后<1 d(70.98%)。结论蜀山区AEFI监测系统运转状况良好,预防接种整体安全,但AEFI报告发生率因不同年龄以及不同疫苗品种等存在差异。应加强相关培训和接种门诊数字化建设,进一步提升预防接种服务质量和AEFI监测质量。
Objective To analyze the occurrence features of adverse event following immunization （AEFI） among children in Shushan, and to evaluate the imnmnization safety related to vaccines, and the implementation of AEFI information management system. Methods AEFI cases and vaccination data of children in Shushan from 2014 to 2017 were collected by National AEFI Monitoring Information Management system and Vaccination Information system of Anhui Province. Descriptive epidemiological methods were used to analyze the incidence rate of AEFI, the characteristics of cases, the classification and the clinical manifestations. Results 386 cases were reported during 2014 to 2017. The reported incidence rate of AEFI was 30.85 per 100, 000 doses, which showed a decreasing trend year by year （P 〈 0.05） . The reported incidence rate of AEFI in male and female was 31.54 per 100, 000 doses and 30.07 per 100, 000 doses, respectively. The reported incidence rate of AEFI between male and female showed no significant difference （P 〉 0.05） . The reported incidence rate of AEFI in children aged one to two （two was not included） scored the highest, which was 39.44 per 100, 000 doses; the reported incidence rate of AEFI in children aged four to five （five was not included） scored the lowest, which was 4.91 per 100, 000 doses. In the group one vaccines, the reported incidence rate of AEFI of Leprosy vaccine （65.12 per 100, 000 doses） , DT vaccine （53.76 per 100, 000 doses） and AC meningitis conjugated vaccine （52.02 per 100, 000 doses） ranked first, second and third. In the group two vaccines, the reported incidence rate of AEFI of 23-valent pneumonic polysaccharide vaccine （107.99 per 100, 000 doses） , DTaP-IPV/Hib combination vaccine （105.03 per 100, 000 doses） and DTaP-Hib vaccine （51.42 per 100, 000 doses） ranked first, second and third. The main reactions of AEFI were tever and redness. Vaccine reactions were often occurred within ld after vaccination. Conclusions The AEFI monitoring system in Shushan is in good condition. The reported incidence rate of AEFI varies in age and vaccine varieties. Training and digitalizd construction of vaccination outpatient service should be strengthened in order to further improve the quality of vaccination service and AEFI monitoring.
作者
蒋薇薇
崔光辉
李岩岩
时照华
祖萍
JIANG Wei-wei;CUI Guang-hui;LI Yan-yan;SHI Zhao-hua;ZU Ping(The Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Shushan,Hefei,Anhui 230031,China)
出处
《预防医学》
2018年第8期789-793,共5页
CHINA PREVENTIVE MEDICINE JOURNAL
关键词
疫苗
疑似预防接种异常反应
预防接种
Vaccine
Adverse events following immunization
Incidence rate
Monitoring
