3Gwee MC. Problem - based learning:a strategic learning systemdesign for the education of healthcare professionals in the 21stcentury[J]. Kaohsiung J Med Sci,2009, 25(5): 231- 239.
4De GraaffE, Kolmos A. Characteristics of problem-based learning[J]. IntJ EngEduc, 2003, 19 (5) : 657-662.
6Ibrahim NK, Banjar S, A1-Ghamdi A, et al. Medical students preference of problem-based learning or traditional lectures in King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia[J]. Ann Saudi Med, 2014, 34 (2) : 128-133.