摘要
为揭示不同地膜覆盖与施氮水平组合对夏玉米籽粒灌浆过程的影响规律,进行了地膜覆盖(普通地膜、氧化-生物双降解生态地膜,记为P和J)和尿素(纯氮0、90、180、270 kg/hm2,记为N0、N1、N2和N3)对夏玉米灌浆特征参数和叶绿素a/b影响的试验。结果表明,一定范围内随施氮水平的提高,延迟了达到最大灌浆速率的时间,最大延迟6.273 d,但提高了最大灌浆速率和平均灌浆速率,分别提高1.489 mg/d和1.062 mg/d。地膜覆盖配施氮肥主要延长了灌浆快增期和缓增期持续时间,分别延长0.554~6.839 d和1.627~12.355 d,并分别提高了快增期和缓增期的平均灌浆速率1.125 mg/d和0.285 mg/d。普通地膜覆盖主要延长灌浆渐增期持续时间,并提高灌浆速率,而氧化-生物双降解地膜延长灌浆持续时间和提高灌浆速率的作用在快增期和缓增期逐渐显现。地膜覆盖配施氮肥推迟了叶绿素a/b质量比达到最大值的时间(12~24 d),但延长了光合活性持续时间,有利于提高籽粒质量。
In order to reveal the effect law of different film mulching with nitrogen（N） fertilizer rate on the grain filling process of summer maize,the experiment of film mulching（plastic film,oxidationbiodegradable film,denoted as P and J） combined with urea（pure N 0 kg/hm2,90 kg/hm2,180 kg/hm2 and 270 kg/hm2,recorded as N0,N1,N2 and N3） was conducted to analyze the filling characteristic parameters and chlorophyll a/b content of summer maize. The results showed that within a certain range,with the increase of N application rate,the time to reach the maximum filling rate was delayed（maximum delay of 6. 273 d）,but the maximum filling rate and the average filling rate were increased,which were increased by 1. 489 mg/d and 1. 062 mg/d,respectively. Film mulching with N rate mainly prolonged the duration of fast-increase and slow-increase periods of filling,with 0. 554 ~ 6. 839 d and 1. 627 ~ 12. 355 d,respectively,and increased the average filling rate at fast-increase and slow-increase periods by 1. 125 mg/d and 0. 285 mg/d. P mainly extended duration of slight-increase,and improved the filling rate,while effect of J on extending the filling duration and improving the filling rate gradually appeared in fast-increase and slow-increase periods. Film mulching with N rate delayed the time of chlorophyll a/b to reach maximum（12 ~ 24 d）,but prolonged the duration of photosynthetic activity,which was conducive to improve the quality of grain.
作者
方恒
李援农
谷晓博
银敏华
杨金宇
FANG Heng;LI Yuannong;GU Xiaobo;YIN Minhua;YANG Jinyu(Key Laboratory of Agricultural Soil and Water Engineering in Arid and Semiarid Areas,Ministry of Education,Northwest A ＆ F University,Yangling,Shaanxi 712100,China)
出处
《农业机械学报》
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2018年第8期245-252,共8页
Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery
基金
公益性行业(农业)科研专项(201503125)
关键词
夏玉米
Richards模型
灌浆
地膜覆盖
施氮水平
叶绿素
summer maize
Richards model
grain filling
film mulching
nitrogen fertilization rate
chlorophyll
