摘要
孝感市结核病防治所2017年8月对某企业近年肺结核发病情况的调查结果显示,2242名员工中发现肺结核患者13例,其中12例在1年内发病;首发患者所在工作班组员工有224名,PPD强阳性率为63.8%（143/224）,确诊7例患者;首发患者所在的宿舍楼层有员工36名,PPD皮肤试验强阳性率为75.0%（27/36）,确诊4例患者。分析表明,该疫情为同一首发患者所致的2处结核病疫情暴发;造成疫情暴发的主要原因是首发患者没有及时隔离和进行规范的治疗和管理,以及企业生产车间和宿舍楼层通风不良。因此,各医疗卫生机构应该严格执行《结核病防治管理办法》的规定,根据各自的职能,分别做好肺结核和疑似肺结核患者的报告、转诊和治疗管理工作,以及传染性肺结核患者密切接触者的筛查;同时指导企业加强对员工结核病防治知识的宣传教育,避免发生类似疫情。
This paper reports a survey on the tuberculosis （TB） morbidity in an enterprise in recent years, which was conducted by Xiaogan Antituberculosis Institute in August, 2017. The results showed that 13 TB patients were diagnosed in 2242 employees, 12 of whom had an attack within one year; of the 224 employees in the work group where the first onset patient operated, the strongly positive rate of PPD test was 63.8% （143/224）, and a definite diagnosis was confirmed in 7 patients; of the 36 employees on the dormitory floor where the first onset patient lived, the strongly positive rate of PPD test was 75.0% （27/36）, and a definite diagnosis was confirmed in 4 patients. It was analyzed that two outbreaks in this epidemic were resulted from the same source; the primary causes were the absence of timely quarantine and normative therapy and management, as well as the poor ventilation of workshops and buildings. In order to avoid similar epidemic, it was proposed that every medical and health institution should strictly enforce Measures for the Management of TB Prevention and Control, perform well in the report and referral of TB patients and suspected patients, treatment and management of TB patients, and also in the examination of the close contacts of infectious TB patients according to their respective functions, and guide the enterprises to promote the propaganda and education of TB prevention and treatment knowledges to their employees.
作者
李双初
郭玉霞
叶龙玲
程芝
王俊
陈红璋
LI Shuang-chu;GUO Yu-xia;YE Long-ling;CHENG Zhi;WANG Jun;CHEN Hong-zhang(Department of Tuberculosis,Xiaogan Antituberculosis Institute,Hubei Province,Xiaogan 432000,Chin)
出处
《中国防痨杂志》
CAS
2018年第8期898-904,共7页
Chinese Journal of Antituberculosis
关键词
结核
肺
疾病暴发流行
疾病报告
多相筛查
数据说明
统计
Tuberculosis
pulmonary
Disease outbreaks
Disease notification
Multiphasic screening
Data interpretation
statistical
