摘要
狂犬病疫苗自神经组织疫苗的诞生逐步发展到细胞疫苗，接种针次从起初实施的14～21针简化发展到如今临床普遍应用的4～5针。有4种免疫程序被世界卫生组织（World Health Organization, WHO）认可和推荐，分别是2种皮内多点注射法（intradermal injection, ID）和2种肌内注射法（intramuscular injection, IM）。最普遍应用的免疫程序是5针法（＂1-1-1-1-1＂法），即埃森法（Essen regimen）和4针法（＂2-1-1＂法），即萨格勒布法（Zagreb regimen）。按照WHO推荐的狂犬病疫苗免疫程序接种，均能有效的防止狂犬病的发生。我国目前批准使用的狂犬病疫苗免疫程序为肌内注射5针法和4针法.
Rabies vaccine has gradually evolved from the birth of nerve tissue vaccine to cell vaccine, and vaccination time has been simplified from the initial implementation of 14-21 needles to current 4-5 needles. Four types of vaccination procedures are recommended by WHO for rabies pre and post-exposure prophylaxis： two types of intradermal （ID） multipoint injection and two types of intramuscular （IM） injection. The most commonly used vaccination procedures are the 5-dose regimen （＂ 1-1-1-1-1＂ regimen i. e. Essen regimen） and 4-dose regimen （＂ 2-1-1＂ regimen i. e. Zagreb regimen）. Vaccination according to the above vaccination procedures recommended by WHO could effectively prevent human rabies. The vaccination procedures of rabies vaccine approved in China are Essen regimen and Zagreb regimen.
作者
王传林
Wang Chuanlin(Emergency Department,Peking University People＇s Hospital,Beijing 100044,China)
出处
《中华实验和临床病毒学杂志》
CAS
CSCD
2018年第4期440-444,共5页
Chinese Journal of Experimental and Clinical Virology
关键词
狂犬病疫苗
免疫程序
皮内注射
肌内注射
Rabies vaccine
Vaccination procedure
Intradermal injection
Intramuscular injection
