摘要
目的 分析2012-2016年成都市中心城区和远郊献血屋无偿献血者的人口特征,为优化献血屋宣传,以及无偿献血者招募策略提供参考.方法 选择2012-2016年于成都市16个献血屋参加无偿献血的73 305例无偿献血者作为研究对象.按照无偿献血者参加献血的区域不同,将其分为远郊献血屋组（n=17 028）和中心城区献血屋组（n=56 277）.采用成都市血液中心信息管理系统SHINOW9.0收集本研究无偿献血者的年龄、文化程度及职业等人口学资料.采用回顾性分析的方法,比较2组无偿献血者不同年龄段、文化程度及职业的分布情况.2组无偿献血者不同年龄、文化程度及职业献血者的构成比比较,采用x2检验.结果 ①本研究中,2012-2016年成都市远郊献血屋组与中心城区献血屋组不同年龄段的无偿献血者构成比比较,差异有统计学意义（x^2=3 204.590,P＜0.001）.远郊献血屋组无偿献血者年龄主要为25～54岁,该年龄段无偿献血者所占比例为83.0％（14 131/17 028）,其中以35～44岁的无偿献血者所占比例最高（35.6％,6 061/17 028）.中心城区献血屋组无偿献血者年龄主要为18～44岁,该年龄段无偿献血者所占比例为87.0％（48 949/56 277）,其中以18～24岁无偿献血者所占比例最高（32.1％,18 091/56 277）.②2012-2016年成都市远郊献血屋组与中心城区献血屋组不同文化程度的无偿献血者构成比比较,差异有统计学意义（x^2=32 987.363,P＜0.001）.远郊献血屋组无偿献血者以初中、高中及专科文化程度为主,所占比例为82.2％（14 005/17 028）,其中初中文化程度无偿献血者所占比例最高（34.7％,5 912/17 028）.中心城区献血屋组献血者以高中、专科及本科文化程度为主,所占比例为71.9％（40 454/56 277）,其中专科文化程度无偿献血者所占比例最高（29.6％,16 669/56 277）.③2012-2016年成都市远郊献血屋组与中心城区献血屋组不同职业的无偿献血者构成比比较,差异有统计学意义（x^2 =4 127.468,P＜0.001）.远郊献血屋组无偿献血者的职业以农民（17.9％,3 053/17 028）、公职人员（12.2％,2 084/17 028）和工人（12.2％,2 083/17 028）为主;中心城区献血屋组无偿献血者的职业则以公司职员（23.4％,13 163/56 277）和学生（15.6％,88 00/56 277）为主.结论 成都市远郊地区与中心城区献血屋献血者的人口特征不同.采供血机构应根据不同地域献血屋的人口特征,科学制定个性化的无偿献血宣传及无偿献血者的招募策略,充分发挥献血屋在无偿献血服务网络布局中的重要作用.
Objective To explore population characteristics of voluntary blood donors of central urban and suburban blood donation houses in Chengdu City from 2012 to 2016,in order to provide support and reference for optimizing promotion of blood donation house and recruitment strategy of voluntary blood donors.Methods From 2012 to 2016,a total of 73 305 voluntary blood donors who participated in blood donation at 16 blood donation houses in Chengdu were selected as subjects in this study.According to the different regions of voluntary blood donors participating in blood donation,they were divided into the suburban blood donation houses group （n=17 028） and central urban donation houses group （n=56 277）.The demographic data such as age,education levels and occupation of voluntary blood donors in this study were collected by Chengdu Blood Center Information Management System SHINOW9.0.A retrospective analysis was conducted to compare the distribution of voluntary blood donors＇ age,education levels and occupation between suburban and central urban blood donation houses group.The composition ratios of the two groups of voluntary blood donors with different age,educational levels and occupation were compared by chi-square test,respectively.Results ① There was statistically difference in composition ratios of different ages of voluntary blood donors between suburban and central urban blood donation houses group in Chengdu from 2012 to 2016 （x2=3 204.590,P〈0.001）.The voluntary blood donors in suburban blood donation houses group were mainly concentrated in the age of 25-54 years old,with the proportion of 83.0% （14 131/17 028）,and the proportion of 35-44 years old voluntary blood donors was the highest,account for 35.6% （6 061/17 028）.The voluntary blood donors in central urban blood donation houses group were mainly concentrated in the age of 18-44 years old,with the proportion of 87.0% （48 949/56 277）,among which proportion of 18-24 years old voluntary blood donors was the highest,account for 32.1% （18 091/ 56 277）.② There was statistically difference in composition ratios of different education levels between suburban and central urban blood donation houses groups in Chengdu from 2012 to 2016 （x2 =32 987.363,P〈0.001）.The education levels of voluntary blood donors in suburban blood donation houses group were mainly of junior high school,high school and specialty education,with proportion of 82.2% （14 005/ 17 028）,among them the proportion of voluntary blood donors with junior high school education was the highest,account for 34.7 % （5 912/17 028）.The education levels of voluntary blood donors in central urban blood donation houses group were mainly of high school,specialist and undergraduate education,with proportion of 71.9% （40 454/56 277）,and proportion of specialist education voluntary blood donors was the highest,account for 29.6% （16 669/56 277）.③ There was statistically difference in composition ratios of occupation between central suburban and urban blood donation houses groups in Chengdu from 2012 to 2016 （x2 =4 127.468,P〈0.001）.The main occupations of voluntary blood donors in suburban blood donation houses group were farmers,account for 17.9% （3 053/17 028）;public officials,account for 12.2% （2 084/17 028） and workers,account for 12.2% （2 083/17 028）.The main occupations of voluntary blood donors in central urban blood donation houses groups were company employee,account for 23.4% （13 163/56 277） and students,account for 15.6% （88 00/56 277）.Conclusions The population characteristics of voluntary blood donors in suburban and central urban blood donation houses are different in Chengdu City.According to these population characteristics of blood donation houses in different regions,blood collection and supply institutions should scientifically formulate individualized voluntary blood donation propaganda and recruitment strategies for voluntary blood donors,in order to full utilize blood donation houses in the network layout of voluntary blood donation services.
作者
马婧
王乃红
于廉
钟涵
张杰
Ma J ing;Wang Naihong;Yu Lian;Zhong Han;Zhang Jie(Chengdu Blood Center,Chengdu 610041,Sichuan Province,China)
出处
《国际输血及血液学杂志》
CAS
2018年第4期305-310,共6页
International Journal of Blood Transfusion and Hematology
基金
成都市卫生计生委联合攻关项目（2014017）
关键词
供血者
市区人口
郊区人口
人口群体
人口特征
无偿献血
献血屋
献血
者招募
Blood donors
Urban populatiom Suburban population
Population groups
Population characteristics
Voluntary blood donation
Blood donation house
Blood donors recruitment
