摘要
本文探索如下问题:如何才能将20世纪中国建构为思想的对象?上篇共分三个部分:长世纪、欧洲世纪末与作为时势的世纪;短世纪的条件:帝国主义与太平洋时代的兴起;中国革命与短世纪的起点:非均衡性与"薄弱环节"。在对帝国主义时代的全球条件展开分析之后,作者认为,"短二十世纪"的诞生需要从对"薄弱环节"的探寻开始。从探寻革命契机的角度看,不是旧的欧亚地缘争夺,而是甲午战争至日俄战争后亚洲地区的新格局造成的革命形势,不是帝国主义战争,而是这些战争所触发的"亚洲的觉醒",构成了"短二十世纪"的多重开端。因此,从时间上说,"短二十世纪"不是像人们通常认为的那样始于1914年,而是始于1905—1911年;从空间上说,不是始于一个开端,而是始于一组开端;从契机上说,不是始于毁灭性的战争,而是诞生于对突破帝国主义体制和旧制度的探寻。
This article explores the following question:how can we construct China in the 20 th century as an object of thought?The first part is divided into three sections:1)the long century,the European fin de siècle and the century as the trend;2)the conditions of the short century:the rise of imperialism and the Pacific era;3) the Chinese revolution and the starting point of the short century:non-equilibrium and"weak links."After analyzing the global conditions of the imperialist era,the author argues that the birth of the"short twentieth century"should start by seeking the"weak links."The cause of revolution,the author argues,may not be attributed to the old Eurasian geopolitical competition,but rather to the revolutionary situation that arose out of the new pattern in the Asian region after the Sino-Japanese War in 1894 and the Russo-Japanese War in 1904. It is not the imperialist wars,but rather the"Asian awakening"triggered by these wars,that constituted the multiple starts of the"short twentieth century."Therefore,in temporal terms,the"short twentieth century"began not in 1914 as people usually think,but rather in 1905-1911,and in spatial terms,it did not have one beginning but a group of beginnings. It did not begin in the devastating wars,but was born in the tentative pursuits to break through both the imperialist system and the old institutions.
出处
《开放时代》
CSSCI
北大核心
2018年第5期78-103,共26页
Open Times
