摘要
现代汉语"X色"的现有研究,多关涉[+表色]范畴,本文研究[-表色]范畴,即"表色语素+色"的能指结构与表色预期负相关的双音节词,按其在《现代汉语词典》(第7版)有无词条身份和[-表色]义位分为四类:有词条身份和[-表色]义位;有词条身份但[-表色]语义在"X色"的释义中缺失语义来源;有词条身份无[-表色]义位;无词条身份和[-表色]义位。尝试在"义位—亚义位/自设义位/空义位"解释框架中解释此类同属非表色语义场的"X色",分析其作为[-表色]范畴同类聚合体的共有特征和区别特征,以及真实世界不存在的[-表色]范畴如何被加工成为语言世界的[-表色]范畴——[+表色]形象通过弱关联参与[-表色]范畴的修辞加工,以转喻/隐喻认知植入[+表色]范畴的"X色"所不具有的[-表色]语义,实现"X色"从名词范畴到属性词范畴的身份转变,重建相对于颜色词[+表色]意义秩序的[-表色]意义秩序。希望本文的探讨有助于推进点面结合的"词汇化—修辞化—词汇化"连续统研究,以及探索结构可控的简化解释的可能性。
While the current research on ＂X colour words＂ in modern Chinese language mainly focuses on ＂＋natural colour meaning＂ category words, this paper is devoted to the study of ＂-natural colour meaning＂ category words, i.e. the disyllabic words where the sig- nifiers of the ＂colour sememe＋colour＂ structures form a negative correlation with the expec- ted semantic meanings. Based on the 7th edition of Contemporary Chinese Dictionary, there are four such categories with reference to the criteria of dictionary entry and the ＂-natural colour meaning＂ sememes： those with both dictionary entries and ＂-natural colour mean- ing＂ sememes~ those with dictionary entries but without semantic sources in the ＂X colour words＂ interpretation; those with dictionary entries but without ＂-natural colour＂ sememes and those with neither dictionary entries nor ＂-natural colour meaning＂ sememes. This pa- per applies the framework of sememe-subsememe / self-endowed sememe / zerosememe to explain the semantic meanings of ＂X colour words＂ of the same semantic field, analyze their shared and differentiating features and explore how the ＂-natural colour meaning＂ cat- egory words which are non-existent in the real world are processed in the rhetorical sphere： the ＂＋natural colour meaning＂ category words contribute to the rhetorical processing of ＂- natural colour meaning＂ category words by means of weak correlation in which the semantic meanings of ＂-natural colour meaning＂ category words are triggered through the metonymy/metaphor interpretation mechanism, so that the ＂X colour words＂ transfer from the noun category to the attributive word category, thus generating the semantic meanings of ＂-natural colour meaning＂ category words as related to the ＂＋natural colour meaning＂ category words. It is hoped that this research would enhance the successive study of ＂lexicalization-rhetoricization-lexicalization＂ continuum and help to explore a possibly simplified and manageable way of interpretation.
出处
《语言教学与研究》
CSSCI
北大核心
2018年第5期85-95,共11页
Language Teaching and Linguistic Studies
基金
教育部人文社科规划基金项目"问题驱动的广义修辞论"(15YJA740039)
福建师范大学跨文化话语与修辞研究创新团队项目(IRTW1703)系列成果之一
关键词
[-表色]范畴
亚义位
自设义位
空义位
修辞认知
＂-natural color meaning＂ category words
subsememe
self-endowed sememe
zerosememe
rhetorical cognition
