摘要
崇义客家梯田是中国最大的客家梯田,为当地客家人提供了多项生态服务功能。综合评价崇义客家梯田生态系统的可持续性,有助于人们合理开发和利用其资源。运用综合加权函数、协调度模型和发展障碍度模型对崇义客家梯田生态系统可持续发展现状、可持续发展潜能以及影响其可持续发展的障碍因素作了分析诊断。结果表明:1990—2014年间,崇义客家梯田生态系统可持续发展综合指数增长了2.22倍。各指标间的协调度均大于0.65,指标间协调发展的程度良好,崇义客家梯田生态系统可持续发展存在较大潜能。影响崇义客家梯田生态系统可持续发展的主要单项障碍性因素有服务业产值、农民受教育程度、农民恩格尔系数和农田受灾率4项,他们的障碍度值分别为0.17、0.17、0.15和0.13。直观的数据反映了崇义客家梯田生态系统的可持续发展情况,也为当地政府制定崇义客家梯田生态系统可持续发展对策提供了可靠的支撑。
As the largest Hakka Terrace in China, the Hakka Terrace of Chongyi provides many ecological services for local people. Comprehensive evaluation of the sustainability of this terrace ecosystem will be helpful for the local government to improve the development and responsible use of its resources. The reality, potential, and the obstacles to the sustainable development of the Hakka Terrace Ecosystem of Chongyi were analyzed with the help of a comprehensive weighing function model, a coordination degree model, and a model of obstacle degree on development. The results showed that the comprehensive indexes of ecological sustainable development of this terrace system increased 2.22 times from 1990-2014; that the average annual growth rate of the comprehensive indexes of sustainable development reached 3.24%; and that the process of sustainable development can be divided into three stages, namely, the rapid stage from 1990-1994, the undulating stage from 1995-1999, and the slowdown stage from 2000-2014. In the first stage, when the comprehensive evaluation indexes of sustainable development grew rapidly with an average annual growth rate of 9.52%, the sustainable development of the Hakka Terrace Ecosystem of Chongyi occurred at a high level. In the stage of ups and downs, though the annual average rate of the comprehensive evaluation indexes was only 1.73%, the comprehensive evaluation indexes were higher than 1, compared with 1990, and thus, the situation of sustainable development of the Hakka Terrace Ecosystem of Chongyi was much better. However, as the comprehensive evaluation indexes experienced ups and downs in the interval from 1.4 to 1.5, the sustainable development of the Hakka Terrace Ecosystem of Chongyi was not stable. In the last stage, or the slow development stage, the annual growth rate of the comprehensive evaluation indexes was 2%, which was between the first two stages. During this period, the sustainable development of the Hakka Terrace Ecosystem of Chongyi was slow, but the overall trend of the sustainable development was better. The coordination degree among the indexes was greater than 0.65, suggesting that these indexes were able to develop in a coordinated manner and that the Hakka Terrace Ecosystem of Chongyi boasted great potentials for sustainable development. However, it was restricted by four monomial obstacles-service industry output, farmers＇ education, the Engel coefficient, and the rate of farmland affected by natural disasters, whose obstacle degree values were 0.17, 0.17, 0.15, and 0.13 respectively. While these economic figures revealed the reality of sustainable development of the Hakka Terrace Ecosystem of Chongyi, they provided sufficient data to allow the government to make sound and relevant policies.
作者
缪建群
王志强
马艳芹
杨文亭
杨滨娟
黄国勤
MIAO Jianqun;WANG Zhiqiang;MA Yanqin;YANG Wenting;YANG Binjuan;HUANG Guoqin(Research Center on Ecological Science,Jiangxi Agriculture University/Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology,Ecology and Genetic Breeding,Ministry of Education,Nanchang 330045,China;College of Science,Jiangxi Agriculture University,Nanchang 330045,China)
出处
《生态学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2018年第17期6326-6336,共11页
Acta Ecologica Sinica
基金
"江西崇义客家梯田"生态系统服务功能
农业生态保护与传统农耕技术研究项目(9131205436)
关键词
崇义客家梯田
生态系统
可持续发展
综合评价
Hakka Terrace of Chongyi
ecosystem
sustainable development
comprehensive evaluation
