摘要
目的了解大学新生心理焦虑、抑郁状态及其影响因素,为高校新生心理健康教育提供依据。方法用焦虑自评量表(SAS)、抑郁自评量表(SDS)以及基本情况自制问卷,对1 255名大一新生进行调查,并以1 507名老生为对照组进行分析。结果新生SAS得分(32.23±7.24)高于全国常模(29.78±0.46),低于老生(33.96±8.52);SDS得分(37.83±8.49)低于老生(38.21±9.83)。不同性别、家庭经济、父母文化程度、生活满意度、人生目标的大学新生的SAS、SDS得分具有统计学差异;此外家庭所在地不同、与父母之间关系不同的大学新生的SAS得分有统计学差异;独生子与非独生子的大学新生的SDS得分有统计学差异。多因素回归分析表明,性别、父亲文化程度、家庭经济、生活满意度以及生活目标是大学新生焦虑抑郁的影响因素。结论新生焦虑抑郁情绪与社会人口因素、家庭情况、个人主观因素密切相关,应针对多方面原因进行综合干预。
Objective To investigate the psychological anxiety and depression of college freshmen and the influential factors; to provide the basis for freshmen’s mental health education in colleges and universities. Methods Self-Rating Anxiety Scale （SAS）, Self-Rating Depression Scale （SDS） as well as self-made questionnaires were used to survey 1 255 freshmen, 1507 junior and senior students were chosen as control for comparison analysis. Results The SAS score of freshmen （32.23 ± 7.24） was higher than that of national norm （29.78 ± 0.46） ,but lower than that of junior or senior students（33.96±8.52）; the SDS score （37.83 ± 8.49） of freshmen was lower than that of junior or senior students（38.21±9.83）. The freshmen’s SAS and SDS scores among different genders, family economic status, parents’ education levels, life satisfaction and life goals were statistically different. In addition, SAS scores for freshmen with different family locations or parental relations were statistically significant; the SDS scores of freshmen from single-child and the multi-child families were statistically different. The regression analysis showed that the gender, father’s education level, family economic status, life satisfaction and life goals were influential factors of anxiety and depression of college freshmen. Conclusion The anxiety and depression of college freshmen are closely related to demographic factors, family situation and personal subjective factors; comprehensive interventions should be targeted considering all these factors.
作者
刘佳佳
高月霞
张涛
LIUJia-jia;GAO Yue-xia;ZHANG Tao(Nantong University,School of Public Health,Nantong 226019,China)
出处
《江苏预防医学》
CAS
2018年第5期556-559,共4页
Jiangsu Journal of Preventive Medicine
关键词
大学新生
焦虑
抑郁
影响因素
干预措施
Freshmen
Anxiety
Depression
Influential factors
Intervention measures
