摘要
为探索‘云油杂12号’在临沧产区适宜的种植密度和肥料用量,集成临沧生态条件下的油菜高产栽培技术,采用L9(34)正交设计方案,设7. 5、11. 25、15. 0万株/hm23个密度水平,207. 0、310. 5、414. 0 kg/hm23个氮肥水平,36. 0、72. 0、108. 0 kg/hm23个磷肥水平,76. 5、114. 75、153. 0 kg/hm23个钾肥水平,共9个处理,分析种植密度和肥料配比对油菜主要农艺性状和产量的影响。结果表明:油菜的株高和分枝部位随着种植密度和肥料用量的增加而增高;主花序长随着种植密度和肥料用量的增加而减小。在低密度高肥力下(密度7. 5万株/hm2,氮磷钾施肥总量高于603. 0 kg/hm2),单株有效角果数的极值显著大于高密度中等肥力(密度15. 0万株/hm2,氮磷钾施肥总量低于461. 25 kg/hm2)条件的极值。但低密度高肥力和高密度中等肥力条件对每角粒数、千粒重和单株产量的影响不显著。本试验油菜产量最高的组合是A2B3C2D2,因此在临沧移栽油菜产区,建议每公顷种植11. 25万株,氮用量在414. 0 kg,磷用量在72. 0 kg,钾用量在114. 75 kg为宜。
To explore the suitable planting density and fertilizer ratio of Yunyouza 12 in the main production area of Lineang, and get the high- yield cultivation techniques of rapeseed under the ecological conditions of Lineang, A L9 （34） orthogonal design scheme was used to study the effect of planting density and fertilizer on the agronomic traits and yield of rape, the 4 factors of density, nitrogen fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer, potassium fertilizer were all set at 3 levels, a total of 9 treatments. Results showed that plant height and branch height were increased as the increasing of fertilizer and plant density; the main inffloreseenee length was reduced with the increasing of fertilizer and plant density. The number of pods per plant at low density and high fertility （density was 75 000 plants/hm^2, and the total amount of NPK fertilizer was higher than 603.0 kg/hm^2 ） was significantly higher than that at high density and mediunl fertility （ density was 150 000 plants/ hm^2, and the total amount of NPK fertilizer was lower than 461.25 kg/hm^2 ）. However, the differences between low - den-sity, high - fertility and high - density medium fertility conditions were not significant for the number of grains per horn, 1000 - grain weight, and yield per plant. The highest yield of rapeseed in this study was A2 B3 C2 D2. Therefore, in order to obtain a higher yield for a hectare, 112 500 plants,414.0 kg nitrogen fertilizer, 72.0 kg phosphate fertilizer, and 114.25 kg potassium fertilizer will be recommended respectively.
作者
田正书
赵凯琴
贺斌
张云云
董云松
铁琳梅
刘亚俊
刘应楠
谷源
符明联
TIAN Zhengshu;ZHAO Kaiqin;HE Bin;ZHANG Yunyun;DONG Yunsong;TIE Linmei;LIU Yajun;LIU Yingnan;GU Yuan;FU Minglian(Industrial Crop Research Institute,Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Kunming,Yunnan 650205,China;Lincang Extension Station of Agricultural Technology,Lincang,Yunnan 677099,China)
出处
《作物研究》
2018年第5期385-389,共5页
Crop Research
基金
国家重点研发计划项目(2018YFD0100500)
云南省创新人才培养对象项目(2017HB086)
云南省创新团队(2017HC021)
云南省现代农业油菜产业技术体系建设(2017KGTX005)
关键词
油菜
种植密度
肥料配比
产量
rapeseed
plant density
fertilizer ratio
yield
