摘要
目的了解噪声作业工人职业健康危害状况,减少职业病发生。方法通过"职业病与职业卫生信息监测系统"及"体检软件录入系统"收集2016年河北省职业健康检查个案资料,分析噪声作业工人双耳高频平均听阈异常影响因素。结果心电图异常检出率为12.21%(12 690/103 927),双耳高频平均听阈异常检出率为11.68%(12 140/103 927),血压偏高检出率为12.89%(11 871/92 116)。双耳高频平均听阈异常检出率:中、小型企业高于大型企业,私有经济企业高于国有经济、集体经济等其他经济企业,采矿业高于制造业、电力、热力、燃气及水生产和供应业、建筑业等行业,男性明显高于女性,≥40年工龄段、≥60岁年龄段噪声作业工人双耳高频平均听阈异常检出率最高,且随着噪声作业工人工龄及年龄的增长,双耳高频平均听阈异常检出率存在递增趋势,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论职业性噪声对作业工人听力、心血管系统等均有较严重的影响,应加强和完善噪声防护措施,预防相关职业损伤。
[Objective] To understand the status of occupational health hazards on workers exposed to noise,and reduce the occurrence of occupational disease. [Methods] Through the Occupational diseases and occupational health information monitoring system and the Medical software entry system,the case data of occupational health examination in Hebei Province in 2016 were collected,to analyze the factors affecting the bilateral high frequency average hearing threshold. [Results] The abnormal ECG detection rate was 12.21%（12 690/103 927）,average binaural high frequency hearing threshold anomaly detection rate was 11.68%（12 140/103 927）,and high blood pressure detection rate was 12.89%（11 871/92 116）. The abnormal detection rate of binaural high frequency hearing threshold in medium and small enterprises was higher than that in large enterprises,the abnormal detection rate in private economic enterprises was higher than that in the state-owned economy,collective economy and other economic enterprises,the abnormal detection rate in mining industry was higher than that in manufacturing,electricity,heat,gas and water production and supply industry,construction and other industries,the abnormal detection rate in males was higher than that in females,the abnormal detection rate of binaural high frequency hearing threshold in noise-exposed workers with length of service≥40 years and over 60 years old was the highest,while the abnormal detection rate increased with increase of working age and age,and the differences were statistically significant（P〈0.01）.[Conclusion] Occupational noise has a serious impact on the hearing and cardiovascular system of workers. It is necessary to strengthen and improve the noise protection measures to prevent the related occupational harm.
作者
李增敏
高俊卿
何洁
赵春香
冀荷香
董秋颖
LI Zeng-min;GAO Jun-qing;HE Jie;ZHAO Chun-xiang;Jl He-xiang;DONG Qiu-ying(Occupational Health and Occupational Disease Prevention and Treatment Center,Hebei Province Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Shijiazhuang Hebei,050021,China)
出处
《职业与健康》
CAS
2018年第18期2491-2494,共4页
Occupation and Health
关键词
噪声
双耳高频平均听阈
重点职业病监测
噪声聋
Noise
Binaural high frequency hearing threshold
Monitoring on key occupational disease
Noise-induced deafness
