摘要
为了解普通小麦品种陕农33矮秆突变体的矮化原因,通过农艺性状调查、茎秆细胞学观察、苗期赤霉素(GA)反应试验、内源激素含量测定和矮秆基因检测,分析了陕农33的13个矮秆突变体植株生长发育、茎秆解剖特征及对GA的敏感性。结果表明,与野生型陕农33相比,矮秆突变体的株高都显著下降,株高的下降与节间数无关,主要是由于节间长度的缩短,其中穗下节和第四节间的降秆效应较大。经进一步细胞学观察,突变体变矮是由茎秆细胞长度减少和细胞变小共同引起的,其中细胞长度减少是主因。从苗期植株对GA3的反应看,13个矮秆突变体属于赤霉素不敏感型或弱敏感型,说明赤霉素转导途径存在问题,即矮秆突变位点可能在赤霉素转导途径上。从内源激素测定结果看,13个矮秆材料中只有1个材料的茎秆GA3含量较陕农33略降,其余均增加,而CTK含量均减少,10个材料的IAA含量增加,说明这些材料的株高下降与赤霉素等内源激素代谢变化密切相关。通过矮秆基因检测,13个矮秆突变体和陕农33均含有目前应用范围较广的Rht-D1b基因,只有两个矮化材料含有Rht-B1b,因而推测矮秆突变体可能还含有其他致矮相关的基因。
In order to understand the dwarfing mechanism of dwarf mutants of common wheat variety Shaannong 33, agronomic traits, stem cell cytology, GA3 reaction of seedling, endogenous hormone, and dwarf gene were analysed. The reasons for dwarfing were analyzed from plant growth and devel- opment, stem anatomical characteristics, and the effects of hormones, The results showed that corn- pared with the wild-type Shaannong 33, the plant height of dwarf mutants was significantly de- creased. The decline in plant height was not related to the number of internodes, but mainly due to the shortening of the internode length, among which, the dwarfing effects of peduncle and the fourth internode were obvious. Microscopic observation of the cells showed that the reduction in plant height was caused by the shortening of the cell length and the decrease in the size of the cells, of which, the shortening of the cell is the main factor. GA3 reaction at the seedling stage showed that 13 dwarf mu- tants were GA-insensitive or weak-sensitive, indicating that there is a problem with the GA transduc- tion pathway, the mutation site may be in the GA transduction pathway. From the results of endoge- nous hormone determination, the content of endogenous GA3 in 12 dwarfing materials was increased compared with that in Shaannong 33. Only one material was decreased slightly, while the content of endogenous CTK was decreased compared with that in Shaannong 33. It can be speculated that the ac- cumulation of GA3 and the decrease of CTK affected the growth and development of the plants. By dwarf gene detection, 13 dwarf mutants and Shaannong 33 all contained Rht-D1b gene with a wide range of applications. It is inferred that dwarf mutants may also contain other dwarfing genes.
作者
赵秋实
李倩倩
王超杰
蒋宏宝
耿皆飞
杨媛
刘录祥
张小燕
谢彦周
王成社
ZHAO Qiushi1, LI Qianqian1, WANG Chaojie1, JIANG Hongbao1, GENG Jiefei1, YANG Yuan1, LIU Luxiang2, ZHANG Xiaoyan1, XIE Yanzhou1, WANG Chengshe1(1. College of Agronomy, Northwest A＆F University, State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China; 2. Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science. Beijing 100081 ,China)
出处
《麦类作物学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2018年第9期1053-1064,共12页
Journal of Triticeae Crops
基金
国家重点研发计划项目(2016YFD0102101)
西北农林科技大学南阳小麦试验示范站建设项目
西北农林科技大学唐仲英育种基金项目
关键词
小麦
突变体
矮秆
性状
激素
WheaT（Triticum aestivum L.）
Mutant
Dwarf
Trait
Phytohormone
