摘要
灭活是指采用物理或化学方法杀死生物制品中的病原微生物,使病原微生物丧失感染能力,保留免疫原性,使用后可产生免疫保护作用。物理灭活方法主要包括热灭活、紫外线灭活和γ射线灭活等;化学灭活方法主要是采用灭活剂进行灭活,为目前生物制品生产工艺中主要灭活方法。疫苗常用灭活剂主要包括甲醛、β-丙内酯(β-propionolactone,BPL)、烷化剂[乙酰基乙烯亚胺(N-acetyl ethylenimine,AEI)、二乙烯亚胺(binary ethylenimine,BEI)及缩水甘油醛]和双氧水等;血液制品常用灭活剂主要有S/D灭活剂及辛酸盐;其他生物制品常用灭活剂包括结晶紫及苯酚等。本文主要对这些灭活剂的种类、化学性质、灭活原理、应用现状作一综述。
Inactivation is a process in which physical or chemical methods are used to kill the pathogenic microorganisms in biological products,rendering them incapable of infection but retaining immunogenicity to produce immune protection to humans. The physical inactivation methods include heat inactivation,ultraviolet inactivation and γ-ray inactivation.However,chemical inactivation methods by using inactivators are commonly used in the production process of biological products. The inactivators include formaldehyde,β-propionolactone（BPL）,alkylating agents such as N-acetyl ethylenimine（AEI）,binary ethylenimine（BEI） and glycidaldehyde as well as hydrogen peroxide. The inactivators for blood products include S/D inactivator and caprylate,while those for other biological products include crystal violet and phenol. This paper reviews the types,chemical properties,inactivation principle and application status of the inactivators.
作者
李军英
张家友
杨晓明
LI Jun-ymg;ZHANG Jia-you;YANG Xiao-ming(Wuhan Institute of Biological Products Co.,Ltd.,Wuhan 430207,Hubei Province,China)
出处
《中国生物制品学杂志》
CAS
CSCD
2018年第9期1040-1043,共4页
Chinese Journal of Biologicals
关键词
生物制品
灭活剂
物理灭活
化学灭活
Biological products
Inactivator
Physical inactivation
Chemical inactivation
