摘要
简要论述了近十年来泥盆纪石松类研究取得的主要进展。分支系统学研究增进了对石松类起源与谱系分异的认识,新构建的系统发育树中石松纲与真叶植物互为姐妹群,并识别出原始鳞木目和异孢石松类两个单系。基于化石数据库和定量统计分析,揭示了泥盆纪石松类的多样性演变模式:早泥盆世布拉格期(Pragian)石松类的属种数量显著增加,在埃姆斯期(Emsian)至艾菲尔期(Eifelian)逐步取代工蕨类,至晚泥盆世进一步辐射。依据华南、新疆及全球其他地区丰富的化石材料,大量泥盆纪的石松植物新类群得以建立,一系列已有属种得到详细的再研究,明确了这些植物的生物学特征,也促进了对石松类根系、生长和繁殖习性演化的深入理解。对华南早泥盆世的镰蕨类和挪威中—晚泥盆世乔木状石松的研究分别揭示了这一时期植物-土壤相互作用及热带森林群落面貌,为了解早期维管植物对地球环境和陆地生态系统的影响提供了新的资料。
Maior advances in studies oi Devoman lycopsids during the last decade are summarized. Cladistic studies promoted the understanding of the origin and clade differentiation of lycopsids. New cladograms suggest a sister-group relationship between the Class Lycopsida and the euphyllophytes, and recognize the Protolepidodendrales and the heterosporous lycopsids as two monophyletic groups. Studies based on fossil databases and quantitative analyses have contributed to reveal the diversity pattern of Devonian lycopsids： their diversity first increased during the Pragian, then gradually replaced that of zosterophyllopsids during the Emsian and Eifelian, and further radiated during the Late Devonian. Abundant fossils from South China, Xinjiang, and other regions in the world helped the recognition of many new taxa and the detailed reinvestigations of formerly recognized groups. Information on the biological characteristics of these lycopsids contributed to a deep understanding of their root evolution, growth habit and reproduction. Studies on the Early Devonian Drepanophycus of South China and the Middle-Late Devonian arborescent lycopsids of Norway, respectively, presented early examples of plant-soil interaction and tropical forest community, and provided new data on the issue of how early vascular plants had impacts on the Earth＇s environments and terrestrial ecosystems.
作者
刘乐
王德明
孟美岑
薛进庄
唐跃刚
LIU Le;WANG De-ming;MENG Mei-cen;XUE Jin-zhuang;and TANG Yue-gang(College of Geoscience and Surveying Engineering,China University of Mining and Technology（Beijing）,Beijing 100083,China;Key Laboratory of Orogenic Belts and Crustal Evolution,School of Earth and Space Sciences,Peking University,Beijing 100871,China,dmwang@pku,edu.cn;Science Press,China Science Publishing and Media Ltd.,Beij ing 100717,China)
出处
《古生物学报》
CSCD
北大核心
2018年第3期344-355,共12页
Acta Palaeontologica Sinica
基金
中国博士后科学基金面上项目(2016M600146)
国家自然科学基金项目(41672007)联合资助.
关键词
石松类
系统分类
性状演化
古生态
泥盆纪
Lycopsids
phyletic classification
character evolution
palaeoecology
Devonian
