摘要
为了解窖泥理化指标与微生物群落的相关性,筛选能反映窖泥品质的理化指标,通过高通量测序分析了不同品质窖泥微生物群落结构,并与理化指标进行了相关性分析。结果发现:水分质量分数、总氮和氨态氮含量随窖泥品质的提高而升高,pH值随窖泥品质的提高而接近于7;主成分分析表明氨态氮、总氮、有效磷含量、pH值、腐殖酸质量分数和铁元素含量对窖泥品质影响较大。总氮含量分别和厚壁菌门(Firmicutes)、互养菌门(Synergistetes)、放线菌(Actinobacteria)比例呈正相关,与绿弯菌门(Chlorflexi)、变形菌门(Proteobacteria)比例呈负相关。氨态氮含量分别和Firmicutes、Synergistetes、Actinobacteria比例呈正相关,和Proteobacteria、螺旋体门(Spirochaetes)比例呈负相关。有效磷含量分别和Synergistetes和Actinobacteria比例呈正相关。腐殖酸质量分数和Proteobacteria比例呈正相关。pH值分别和Firmicutes、Actinobacteria比例呈正相关,和Chlorflexi、Spirochaetes比例呈负相关。其相关性均达到了显著或极显著水平(P<0.05,P<0.01)。从冗余分析图中可以看出氨态氮、总氮、有效磷含量和pH值对微生物群落的影响最大,其次为水分质量分数、腐殖酸质量分数、钙和铁元素含量。综上所述,从水分质量分数、总氮、氨态氮、有效磷、腐殖酸质量分数、pH值、钙和铁元素含量中初步筛选到总氮、氨态氮含量和pH值3个指标,即在一定范围内,窖泥品质越好,总氮和氨态氮含量越高,pH值越接近于7,其可作为窖泥质量的初步评定标准。
In order to understand the correlation between physicochemical indexes and microbial communities of pit mud and further to screen out the physicochemical indexes that reflect the quality of pit mud, the microbial community structures in pit muds with different qualities were investigated by high-throughput sequencing, and correlation analysis was carried out between microbial community structure and physicochemical indexes. The results showed that the contents of water, total nitrogen and ammonium nitrogen showed an increasing trend with improved quality of pit mud, and the pH approached 7. Principal component analysis of physicochemical indicators showed that the contents of ammonium nitrogen, total nitrogen, available phosphorus, humic acid, pH and Fe had great influence on pit mud quality. Total nitrogen was positively correlated with Firmicutes, Synergistetes and Actinobacteria, but negatively correlated with Chlorflexi and Proteobacteria. Ammonium nitrogen content was positively correlated with Firmicutes, Synergistetes and Actinobacteria, but negatively correlated with Proteobacteria and Spirochaetes. There was a positive correlation between available phosphorus and Synergistetes or Actinobacteria. Humic acid and Proteobacteria were positively correlated. pH was positively correlated with Firmicutes and Proteobacteria, but negatively correlated Chlorflexi with Spirochaetes. All correlations were statistically significant （P 〈 0.05 or P＜0.01）. Redundancy analysis showed that ammonium nitrogen, total nitrogen, available phosphorus and pH had the greatest influence on microbial communities, followed by water, humic acid, calcium and iron contents. To sum up, total nitrogen, ammonium nitrogen and pH were screened out as quality indicators of pit mud. The better the quality of pit mud, the higher the contents of total nitrogen and ammonium nitrogen and the closer the pH was to 7.
作者
刘梅
邓杰
谢军
李觅
吴树坤
黄治国
LIU Mei;DENG Jie;XIE Jun;LI Mi;WU Shukun;HUANG Zhiguo(Liquor Making Biotechnology and Application Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province,Sichuan University of Science ＆ Engineering,Zigong 643000,China;Sichuan Food Fermentation Industry Research and Design Institute,Wenjiang 611130,China)
出处
《食品科学》
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2018年第19期44-50,共7页
Food Science
基金
四川省科技厅重点研发项目(2016SZ0074)
四川省科技成果转化项目(2016CC0032)
固态发酵资源利用四川省重点实验室开放基金项目(2015GTY004)
国家固态酿造工程技术研究中心开放课题(2015K-246)
关键词
窖泥
品质
理化
高通量测序
微生物群落
差异
pit mud
quality
physicochemical
high-throughput sequencing
microbial community
diversity
