摘要
改革开放以来,在我国经济迅速增长的同时,居民收入分配差距也在不断增大,收入分配结构调整已经迫在眉睫。从城乡间、地区间和行业间的收入分配差距三个维度分析我国收入分配结构的演变历程,可以发现,在我国经济发展中,存在制度约束的人口流动、与地区经济状况不匹配的区域发展战略、不合理的税收结构和税制设计以及贸易自由化都是推高居民收入不平等的重要因素。因此,我国未来需要注重维持经济增长和收入结构调整的平衡,在短期内应加大转移支付的力度以实现合理的收入再分配,并谨慎使用总量宽松的货币政策以避免加剧收入不平等;在长期内应推动要素市场改革和供给侧改革,优化规模性和功能性收入分配结构。此外,还应通过征收财产税和推行教育均等化的方式避免收入分配差距的代际传递,提高我国经济增长的质量。
With the rapid growth of China＇s economy, the inhabitants＇ income distribution disparity in China has also increased drastically, which urgently requires the government to adjust the structure of income distribution. This paper firstly seeks to look into the evolution of China＇s income distribution structure from three dimensions, namely, disparity between urban and rural areas, between regions and between industries. Then an in-depth analysis is conducted which reveals that in China＇s economic development, the increase of income inequality of residents can be attributed to four main factors, including mobility, regional development strategies, tax structure and trade lib- eralization. Finally, this paper suggests that China should pay more attention to maintaining the balance of economic growth and the adjustment of income structure. In the short term, we should strengthen the transfer payment to achieve reasonable income redistribution, and prudently use easy monetary policy to avoid aggravating income inequality; in the long run, factor market reform and supply-side reform should be promoted and scale and functional income distribution structure be op- timized. In addition, property tax should be levied and education equalization be enforced so as to avoid the intergenerational transmission of income distribution disparity and improve the quality of economic growth in China.
作者
刘伟
王灿
赵晓军
张辉
LIU Wei;WANG Can;ZHAO Xiaojun;ZHANG Hui(School of Economics,Renmin University of China,Beijing 100872;School of Economics,Peking University,Beijing 100871)
出处
《中国人民大学学报》
CSSCI
北大核心
2018年第5期25-43,共19页
Journal of Renmin University of China
基金
2015年度中宣部马克思主义理论研究和建设工程办公室
全国哲学社会科学规划办公室马克思主义理论研究和建设工程重大项目"中国特色社会主义所有制与分配理论研究"(2015MZD007)的成果。刘伟为首席专家
关键词
收入分配
人口流动
区域发展战略
财政政策
货币政策
income distribution
mobility
regional development strategy
fiscal policy
monetary policy
